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高起點英語介詞復習資料四

2008-12-26 11:51:01 來源:

 They sail with the wind.

  他們順風航行。(隨著)

  With the change of the economic foundation,the superstructure has to be transformed too.

  隨著經濟基礎的改變,上層建筑也必須改變。(隨著)

  With the battlle of Waterloo, Napoleon's rule in Europe was ended.

  滑鐵盧一戰,拿破侖對歐洲的統治就完蛋了。

  The modern electron tube.

  隨著電子管的發明而誕生了現代電子工業。

  She is with child. = She is in a very interesting condition. = in a family way,= She is pregnant (in pregnancy)。

  她懷孕了。(有)

  但She is with a child.

  意為:"她領著一個孩子。"

  China is a very large country with a long history.

  中國是一個歷史悠久的大國。(具有)

  China is a country with a population of ten billion people.

  中國是一個有10 億人口的國家。(具有)

  What is the matter with you?

  怎么回事?(就,關于)

  How is it with you?

  你怎么啦?(就,關于)

  Everything was going well with them.

  他們一切都進行得很順利。(就……)

  It is a very intense flash with a lot of power packed into it.

  由于聚集了大量的能,所以閃光非常強烈。(獨立結構)

  注;即分詞獨立主格結構用with.

  With a new welding technique introduced,the use of stainless steel was no longer limited to making small things

  only.

  由于新的焊接技術的引進,不銹鋼的使用就不僅僅局限在微小的物件上了。(獨立結構)

  With all its beams advancing in step with each other the laser possessed very particular properties which no

  ordinary light ever has.

  由于激光的光束同步,所以它具有普通光所沒有的特殊性質。(獨立結構)

  Without the temperature or pressure changed matter can never change from one state into another.

  沒有溫度或壓力的變化,物質永遠不能以一種狀態變到另一種狀態。(獨立結構)

  The evil landlord was trembling with fear.

  那個萬惡的地主嚇得渾身發抖。(原因)

  My wife's hands were rough with work.

  我愛人因為老干活,手很租糙。(原因)。

  With the help of my classmate's taperecorder I listen to the Voice of America and B.B.C every day.

  借助于我同學的錄音機,我每天收聽美國之音和B.B.C.(原因)

  With televition, we can see all kinds of programmes on the screen sitting at home without going to the movies

  and theatres.

  因為有了電視,我們坐在家里就能看到各種節目, 而不必去影院、戲院了。(原因)

  就……來說賓譯主,對、有、方狀、表細分

  這里的with 后邊的賓語常譯成主語。

  例:How are the things with you?

  你情況怎樣?

  What's wrong with your eyes?

  你的眼睛怎么啦?

  Something is wrong with my hands.

  我手出點毛病。

  Everything was going well with them.

  他們一切都進行得很順利。

  Parents must be strict with their children.

  父母對子女要嚴格。(對)

  The doctor was very patient with his patients.

  那位醫生對患者非常耐心。(對)

  I'm quite satisfied with your answer.

  我對你的回答很滿意。(對)

  Many intellectuals with revolutionary tendencies went to the liberated areas.

  許多帶有革命傾向的知識分子都投奔解放區了。(有)

  These apartment houses are for workers with families.

  這些住宅樓是給有家屬的工人蓋的。

  He was sitting in a chair with his hands folded.

  他兩手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。(狀語)獨立結構

  They are highly mechanized farms,with machinery to do all the work.

  它們是高度機械化的農場,所有工作都由機器進行。(狀語)獨立結構

  上兩句是with 引出的復合結構。

  I will be with you again in half an hour.

  過半個鐘頭我還會跟你們在一起的。

  (with 的介詞短語作表語。另注意in 將來時態in 以后)

  Our sympathies were with the students persecuted by the gang of four during the cultural revolution.

  我們是非常同情"文革"中被"四人幫"迫害的青年學生的。(with 的介詞短語作表語)。

  海、陸、空、車、偶、被by,單數人類known to man

  例: by land (air, sea, water, bus)

  陸路(航空,水陸,水路,乘公共汽車)

  by micro bus 坐小面包車(微型汽車)

  by mini bus 坐小面包車

  by train 坐火車

  by trolley bus 坐無軌電車

  by tram 坐有軌電車

  by bike 騎自行車

  by motor car 騎摩托車

  by tube 坐地鐵

  by airbus 坐大型客機(空中汽車〕

  by jeep 坐吉普車

  by chance 偶然

  by accident 偶然,無意中

  以及by virture of 靠、由于

  by leaps and bounds 大幅度地

  by way of 經由

  by the book 按常規

  The list of discoveries by "accident" could fill a long book.

  偶然的發現可以寫一本很厚的書。(偶然)

  The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein.

  相對論是愛因斯坦創立的。(被動)

  The book was written by Mr. Zhang.

  這本書是張先生寫的。(被動)

  That in 1969 the first artificial satellite was launched to the space is known to man.

  1969 年第一顆人造衛星上了天是眾所周知的。

  這里用to man 而不用by.即當單數又無冠詞的man和known搭配時,表示人類不用by.

  this,that,tomorrow,yesterday,next,last,one

  接年、月、季、星期、周,介詞省略已習慣

  例;一天one day (不說on one day)

  one summer 在一個夏天

  one year 一年

  Iast nieht 昨天夜里

  last Friday 上個星期五

  last month 上月

  last year 去年

  yesterday afternoon 昨天下午

  tomorrow afternoon 明天下午

  tomorrow evening 明天晚上

  next month 下個月

  next week 下周

  next year 明年

  next Saturday 下星期六

  this morning 今天早晨

  this year 今年

  this Tuesday 本星期二

  this Autumn 今年秋天

  that morning 那天早上

  that evening 那天晚上

  無論前面介詞in、on 還是at,通通可省略,不能說at last night,on last Friday,in last month,in this year這些都是不對的,須去掉介詞。

  over,under正上下,above,below 則不然

  若與數量詞連用,混合使用亦無關

  例:There is a picture over the window.

  窗戶上面有一幅畫。(正上方)

  The plane flew above the city.

  飛機飛過城市上空。(高于城市并非正上方)

  A lamp was hanging over the table.

  一盞燈是在方桌上方。(正上方)

  The moon was now above the trees in the east.

  這時月亮已經在東邊樹林的上方。(非正上方)

  Don't stand above the masses.

  勿高踞于群眾之上。(比喻一非正上方)

  The mountain is 700 feet above sea level.

  這座山海拔700 米。(非正上方)

  There is a small building below the hill.

  山下有座小樓房。(非正下方)

  There is a submarine under the water.

  水下有艘潛水艇。(正下方)

  Water was found ten feer below the surface.

  在地面下10 英尺處找到了水。(非正下方)

  The peasants are cooling themselves under the trees.

  農民們正在樹下乘涼。(正下方)

  over under正上下,低高below 與above

  The temperature in the room is below (or under)30℃。

  室溫是攝氏30 度以下。(數量詞兩者皆可)

  Do you have anything in the way of computers below (under)$10000?

  你們有哪些價格低于10000 美元的計算機?

  (數量詞兩者皆可〕

  beyond 超出、無、不能

  例:It's quite beyond me (It is more than I can understand)。 這我完全不懂。

  Don't stay out beyond 10 o'clock.

  不要在外呆到10 點以后還不回家。

  But the gratitude from the bottom of my heart to the students and my old colleagues

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