2016年高考英語強化練習題及答案:冠詞(2)

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解(科普研究類+人物故事類)

　　A

　　(2014·東北三校高三聯考)

　　Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

　　In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(倉鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.

　　The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night­time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.

　　After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.

　　Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in the blue light and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn't show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign, while if they were in the dim red light, they did not. ”

　　Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep­wake cycle.

　　He says there's a lot of blue in the white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing the red light or darkness.

　　1. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because ________.

　　A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colors

　　B. they are easy to observe and study

　　C. they are sensitive to colors like human beings

　　D. they are active at night and sleep during the day

　　2. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?

　　A. They drink less sugary water.

　　B. They don't sleep well.

　　C. Their eyesight becomes worse.

　　D. Their energy level becomes low.

　　3. ________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.

　　A. A dim light B. A red light

　　C. A blue light D. Darkness

　　4. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?

　　A. Not being exposed to a dim red light when using computers.

　　B. Equipping their computer screen to put it more in a reddish light.

　　C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.

　　D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.

　　答案：

　　【語篇解讀】　這是一篇科普文。美國的研究人員通過動物實驗發現，通宵在昏暗的光線下生活和工作的人可能會患上重度抑郁癥。

　　1. D　解析：細節理解題。第二段說，選擇倉鼠作為實驗對象是因為它們白天睡覺，夜間活動，因此選D。

　　2. A　解析：細節理解題。第四段說，研究人員發現喝糖水最少的倉鼠最為抑郁，因此選A。

　　3. C　解析：細節理解題。第五段說，在藍色和白色燈光下睡覺的倉鼠表現得最為抑郁，因此選C。

　　4. B　解析：推理判斷題。最后一段說，生活在藍色和白色燈光下的倉鼠比生活在紅色燈光下或黑暗中的倉鼠更抑郁，因此在紅色光線中工作能防止抑郁，故B項正確。

　　B

　　John Cruitt, 62, spent decades tracking down his third­grade teacher.

　　He wanted to talk with Cecile Doyle about 1958—the year his mother, who was seriously ill, passed away.

　　Her death came just days before Christmas. Cruitt had been expecting to go home from school and decorate the Christmas tree.

　　“When I found out she died, I could certainly relate to that, because when I was 11, my own father died，” Doyle tells Cruitt at StoryCorps in Monroe, N.Y.“And you just don't know how you're going to go on without that person.”

　　When Cruitt returned to school, Doyle waited until all of the other children left the room at the end of the day, and told him that she was there if he needed her.

　　“Then you kissed me on the head，” Cruitt says. “And I felt that things really would be OK.”

　　“Well, Cruitt, I'm so glad that I could be there with you for that time，” says Doyle, 82.

　　Decades after his mother's death, Cruitt began to think more and more of Doyle. He finally wrote a letter：

　　Dear Mrs. Doyle，

　　If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, N.J., then I'm embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter.

　　My name is John Cruitt, and I was in your third­grade class during the 1958—1959 school year. Two days before Christmas, my mother passed away, and you told me that you were there if I needed you. I hope life has been as kind to you as you were to me.

　　God bless you.

　　John Cruitt

　　Doyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have come at a better time. Her husband, who passed away this August, was struggling with Parkinson's disease.

　　“And I had just come home from the hospital, and I read this beautiful letter, and I just was over­whelmed，” she says.

　　“Well the funny thing is, when I finally wrote to you again after 54 years, I typed the letter—I was afraid my penmanship wasn't going to meet your standards，” Cruitt says as Doyle laughs.

　　“John, what can I say—I' m just glad that we made a difference in each other's life.”

　　5. After Cruitt's mother's death, ________.

　　A. Cruitt totally relied on his father

　　B. Doyle' s words brought him comfort

　　C. Cruitt didn't go to school regularly

　　D. Doyle asked his classmates to help him

　　(責任編輯：盧雁明)

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