高一英語：知識點總結Unit5-6(9)
4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth.
(1) be afraid 意為“擔心，害怕”，多用于口語，常用來表示一種歉意，或遺憾，后可接 so 或 not，也可接 that 從句。I'm afraid (that) 其語意相當于 I'm sorry, but...。
-- Are we on time? 我們準時嗎? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不準時。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.
(2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.
(3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“擔心或害怕某事(發生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.
5. live, living, alive, lively
(1) live adj.
① 活的;活生生的;(只修飾生物;只作前置定語) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys.
② 實況直播的 (不是錄音)It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.
③ 帶電的;燃著的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire.
(2) living adj. 活著的，有生命的(作表語或定語) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive)
(3) alive adj. ① 活著的;② 有活力的;有生氣
作后置定語：Who's the greatest man alive?
作表語：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.
作補語：Let's keep the fish alive.
(4) lively adj. 活潑的;有生氣的;活躍的(作表語或定語) The music is bright and lively.
6. take off, take down, take in, take on, take up
(1) take off
① (飛機)起飛 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down.
② 脫下(衣裳等);取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the knob off the door?
③ 休假;請假;歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work.
④ (指觀念、產品) 大受歡迎;(事業)突然發達，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties.
(2) take down
① 拿下來;取下來 He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary.
② 記下來 He read out the names and his secretary took them down.
(3) take in
① 接受 (房客，客人等);收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night.
② 理解;領會;明白 The boys could not take in his meaning.
③包括;涉及 The study of physics takes in many different subjects.
④使上當;欺騙We were completely taken in by her story.
(4) take on
① 接受;從事(某工作) After his father died, Bill took on the management of the factory.
② 雇用Is the supermarket taking on any more assis- tant?
③ 具有(新面貌、意思等) The city has taken on a new look.
(5) take up
① 從事某項活動;發展某種愛好 So many young men want to take up writing.
② 開始做(某項工作);開始學習(某個課程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. / He dropped medicine and took up physics.
③ 占去 (時間或空間) The meeting took up the whole morning. / The table takes up too much room.
④ 接受I'd like to take up your offer of a ride into town.
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