高二英語期末考試重點復習
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高二英語Unit18 Inventions知識點總復習教案
Section I 課前準備、聽力、口語
1. Never throw away or wash chopsticks again. 千萬不要扔掉再洗這些筷子。(p.57 A)
▲ throw (threw,thrown)
(1) 投,拋,扔 He threw the ball 20 metres. 他把球投出20米。
(2) 摔倒…… The policeman threw the thief to the ground.警察把小偷摔倒在地面上。
(3) 發射,射 China has throw a satellite into space recent- ly. 中國最近向太空發射了一枚衛星。
辨析:throw...to sb. 與throw ... at sb.
throw sth. to sb. 指“把某物扔向某人”,其目的在于“傳遞” (for sb. to catch) 介詞to純粹表示行為的方向,其動機是善意的;throw sth. at sb. 指“把某物打向某人”,其目的在于“打” ( = try to hit sb.)。介詞at表示動作在于企圖攻擊的目標,其動機是惡意的。如:He threw the ball at me. (= try to hit me) 他扔球打我。He threw the ball to me. (= for me to catch) 他把球傳給了我(= He threw me the ball.)
辨析:throw與cast
throw是普通用詞,使用頻率高,它指用力拋擲這一行為。cast比throw正式,指迅速扔出一重量較輕的物體。經常用作比喻或無意識行為,在某些成語及特殊用語中須用cast,如cast a net “撒網”;cast a vote“投票”;cast anchor“拋錨”等等。如:Will you move, please? You're casting (throwing) a shadow on my book. 你走開點好嗎?你的影子正好投射在我的書上。He quickly threw the ball into the basket. 他迅速地將球投入籃里。The dice is cast. 事已定局。
拓展:throw oneself into 積極從事; throw away 扔掉; throw about 亂丟;亂扔(東西); throw back 扔回; throw…at… 朝……扔,向……砸去; throw off 匆匆脫掉
throw...to... 把……傳給……;把……摔倒; throw out 扔出;逐出; throw aside 扔在一旁; throw up 嘔吐
2. Save trees and have a snack at the same time 挽救了樹木并且同時成為小吃。(p. 57 A)
▲ save (1) vt. 救、挽救 The brave soldier saved a child from a burning house. 那勇敢的戰士從著火的房子里救出了一個孩子。Only socialism can save China. 只有社會主義才能救中國。
辨析:save與rescue: save與rescue兩者都有“營救”之意;但save側重于“保全”之意,而rescue則側重于“從囚禁中救出”之意。如:In order to save the country, many gentlemen laid down their lives. 許多志士仁人為國捐軀了。They rescued him from prison. 他們營救他出獄。
(2)節省;儲蓄 Don't spend all your money, save some of it for future use. 別把錢全部花光,儲蓄一點兒以備將來之用。
3. You will never have to worry about having your bike stolen again. 你再也不必擔心自行車會被偷走了。(p.57 D) ▲ worry
(1) vi.“發愁,著急,焦慮” Mother always worried when the girls stayed out late. 女孩們要是很晚還不回家,母親總是很擔心。
(2) vt.“使麻煩;使發愁;使著急” Don't worry her, She is busy. 別去麻煩她,她很忙。 There's only one point that worries me. 只有一點使我發愁。
(3) n.“煩惱”不可數;“使人發愁的事(人);煩心的事”(可數),且常用復數。This worry is enough to drive one mad. 這煩惱足以令人發狂。He has many worries. 他有很多的煩惱的事情。
辨析: worry與trouble: trouble的含義寬廣,事無巨細都可用它,且含有一定的驚慌意味;worry"擔心”“發愁”,它指沒有根據的,經常是不必要的憂慮不安的心情。如:
Uneasiness troubled her heart. 她感到心神不定。I'm troubled by the doctor's report. 醫生的診斷結果令我焦急。Don't worry,tomorrow will be better. 別擔心,明天會更好。We're all worried about you. 我們都在為你擔心。
拓展:worry sb. 使某人煩惱(著急);worry about sb. 為某人而擔心;worry through 艱苦進行
4. This new invention will make it possible for people to... 這項新發明將使人們做…成為可能。(p. 58 Useful expressions) ▲ makes it possible...
(1) 此處it為形式賓語,本身為先行代詞,它既可作形式賓語,又可用作形式主語,代替句中的真正主語或賓語,即從句、動名詞、不定式等。I think it a pity that he can't swim. 我認為他不能游泳是件令人遺憾的事。It is important for us to master English. 掌握英語對我們來說是重要的。It is no use telling him that. 告訴他那件事是沒有用的。
(2) it作形式賓語時,其前的動詞有:think, find, consider, believe, suppose, feel, make等,而if后常跟形容詞或名詞。He feels it his duty to help others. 他覺得幫助別人是他的職責。We make it clear to the world that we'll never behave like a superpower. 我們向全世界表明我們永遠不做超級大國。I consider it a great honour to be present at the meeting. 我覺得能出席這個會議很榮幸。He found it necessary to study the situation in Russia. 他發現研究俄羅斯的形勢是必要的。I believe it helpful to use such a dictionary. 我相信使用這樣的一本詞典是有幫助的。I suppose it possible to finish such a join in three days. 我想三天之內完成這樣一件工作是有可能的。
5. Decide which of the inventions you think is the most useful and... 決定你認為哪一種發明是最有用的。(p. 58. Patent Officer) ▲ decide 決定, 決心;使下決心, 使決斷;對...起了決定作用;解決, 裁決, 判決
(1) 跟名詞或代詞 I’ve got to decide our whole future. 我得決定我們的整個未來。We must decide that ourselves.這得由我們自己決定。
(2) 跟不定式(不可跟動名詞) They decided to move to Wuchang immediately. 他們決定馬上搬到武昌去。He decided to do his homework. 他決定做他的家庭作業。
(3) 跟疑問詞 + 不定式 We must decide what to do with them. 我們必須決定拿他們怎么辦。She hasn’t decided when to start. 何時動身她還沒有決定。She hasn't decided when to start. 何時動身她還沒有決定。
(4) 跟從句 Let's first decide where we should go. 我們先決定到什么地方去。Only you can decide what's best for you. 只有你才能決定什么對你最合適。
辨析:decide; determine; resolve; make up one's mind 都有“決定”的意思。decide 指“經過詢問、研討和考慮之后, 在幾種可能的選擇之中作出決定”, 如: She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday. 她決定星期日而不是星期一離開這里。determine指“決心作某一件事而不動搖”, 如: We have determined to get the work done ahead of schedule. 我們已經決定要提前完成這項工作。resolve指“打定主意做某事或不做某事”, 如: I resolve to study English. 我決定學英語。make up one's mind 指“打定主意”“下了決心”;其主語必須是人,不可是物,而且不可用于被動語態。如: He made up his mind not to stay there any longer. 他決定不再在那里呆下去了。
拓展:decide for doing sth. 決定做某事; decide in favour of sth. 作出有利……的決定或判決; decide on (upon) 決定,選擇(多指從兩個或多個可能性中選擇); decide between從兩者中選擇、決定。
聯想:decided adj. 明確的,堅決的;deciding adj. 起決定作用的;decision n. 決定,決心(同義詞) determine;make up one's mind
Section II 閱讀
6. How do they come up with ideas for new inventions? 他們怎么提出新發明的想法的? (p. 59. Pre-Reading 3) / (p. 59 Reading 第一段第二行) 比較:解釋3
現在是不是感覺我們為大家推薦的高二下學年英語期末考試重點復習很關鍵呢?歡迎大家閱讀與選擇。
(責任編輯:陳海巖)
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