高一英語：二單元知識點
1. Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted
up by a force that helps them float?哪位科學家發現了水里的
東西被幫助以浮動的力舉起?
in water定語，修飾objects
a force之后又跟了個that引導的定語從句
lift up 拿起，舉起，升起
2. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are
passed from parents to their children? 誰用豌豆顯示了身體特
征是如何從父母傳延到孩子的?
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes? 誰提出了關
于黑洞的理論?
put forward提出建議，撥快(鐘等) ...
put的常用詞組有：
put aside節省(錢、時間);儲蓄;把……放在一邊
put away儲存(錢);放好
put back撥慢;擱置
put down放下;記下;擊敗;使(飛機)著陸;
put off延期;推遲 put on上演;穿上;戴上
put out熄滅;關掉;撲滅 put through接通電話;完成
put up with忍受;忍耐
put into action/effect/practice實施;實行
4. What do you know about infectious diseases such as
cholera?
關于傳染病你了解什么，比如霍亂?
Colds are infectious, and so are some eye diseases. 感冒是傳
染的,有些眼病也是傳染的。
It's more useful to learn modern languages, such as English
and German. 學習英語和德語等現代語言有用。
5. …people exposed to cholera. 得了霍亂的老百姓
是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾people。相當于定語從句
which were exposed to cholera。
expose的意思是“暴露;揭露;使曝光”，常與介詞to連用，表示“使暴露于(日光、風雨等);受到風險;使面臨”的意思。
The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the enemy’s
fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敵人的火力之下。
6. the most deadly disease in its day.在當時是最致命的疾病
deadly adj.致命的, 勢不兩立的, 死一般的, 極度的, 必定的
adv.如死一般地, 極度地;非常地
7. So many thousands of terrified people died every time
there was an outbreak. 每當(疾病)突發時，總有成千的人死去。
本句是一個復合句，every time引導的是一個時間狀語從句，意思是“每當……”。
8. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease
into their bodies with their meals.
第二種看法是在吃飯的時候人們把這種病毒引入體內的。
absorb的意思是“吸收;吸引;使專心;合并;吞并”，常用
be absorbed in sth.表示“專心于某事”。
9. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, John
Snow was ready to test these two theories.因此，在1854年倫
敦再次爆發霍亂的時候，約翰斯諾著手準備對此進行調研。
be ready to do sth 樂于做，準備做
(責任編輯：康彥林)
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