高一英語：復習知識點第三單元2
28. by oneself=on one’s own獨自
29. watch over 看守，照管，監視
30.mobile phone手機
31. with the help of在…的幫助下
32. what’s more=inaddition 更重要的是，而且，另外
33. be filled with充滿
二、重點句型
1. …it nearly took two hundred years before I was built as an analyticalmachine…差不多到了200年之后我才被做成分析機。
It takes/took/be+時間段+before… “多久之后才…”
2. As time went by. 隨著時間的推移。
三、語法----被動語態
(一)概念：主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者，被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。
(二)各種時態被動語態的形式
1.一般現在時的被動語態 am/is/are + done
2.一般過去時的被動語態 was/were + done
3.一般將來時的被動語態⑴will/shall be done⑵be going to be done⑶be to be done
4.現在進行時的被動語態 is/am/are + being +done
表示說話人說話時或現階段正在進行的動作，經常和時間副詞now (現在), right now (現在,此刻), at present (現在,目前), at this moment (此刻)連用。
5.現在完成時的被動 have/has been done
現在完成時常與already,always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明確的時間副詞連用,還可以和表示時間一直延續到目前的帶(ever )since, for的狀語及包括現在在內的詞連用。如: now, today, thismonth, this year, recently, these days，many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years…等。
6.過去完成時的被動 had been done
7.過去將來時的被動 would be done
8.過去進行時的被動 was/were being done
9.帶情態動詞的被動語態情態動詞 + be done
10.動詞不定式的被動式 to be done e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked tospeak here.
(三)注意事項：
1.并不是所有動詞都有被動語態
happen,take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動詞或詞組無被動語態。
2.短語動詞、固定搭配變被動語態介詞副詞不省。
E.g. Time should be madefull use of.
3.雙賓語：一個賓語成主語，另一主語保留不變。
E.g. Mother will buy me an iphone5.
→ I will be bought an iphone5 (by mymother) .
→ An iphone5 will be bought for me(by my mother) .
4.復合賓語(含賓補)省to動詞不定式變被動還原to
使役：make sb. do sth.→Sb. be made to do sth.
感官類：see/hear sb. do sth.→Sb. be seen/heard to do sth.
e.g.Mum made me clean the floor.
→I was made to clean the floor.
(責任編輯：康彥林)
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