高考英語語法名詞主謂一致介詞代詞考點要點點撥
名詞主謂一致在高考中的考察是比較隱蔽的,下面是名詞主謂一致介詞代詞考點要點點撥,育路網(wǎng)請大家理解掌握。
一. 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成規(guī)則:
1.規(guī)則變化:加-s, -es; 輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的去y加ies;把f/ fe變成ves;
(1)keys , three Henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; tomatoes; Negroes; dingoes A
(2) 縮寫,數(shù)字,字母等在后面加s或’s都可,如: some VIPs (VIP’s); in his 50s / 50’s; in the 1990s / 1990’s; There are two t’s in the word “letter”.
2.不規(guī)則變化:
(1) men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen等;
(2) 單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同:sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工廠); Chinese; Japanese; Swiss; (teas, fruits, fishes, metals等表示種類);
(3)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式:trousers, glasses(眼鏡);remains(遺體/物);clothes; ashes; contents(目錄); goods; customs(海關(guān)); arms(武器);
(4)復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式: shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law
(5)表示某國人的復(fù)數(shù)形式:A:單復(fù)一樣:Chinese / Japanese) B: 把man變成men : Englishmen; Frenchmen; C:其它加s (包括Germans)
二、不可數(shù)名詞
1.量的表示:用some / a little / much等表示數(shù)量的詞(組)及單位名詞(量詞),用得較多的有piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar等:a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / paper / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocolate ; two head of cattle
2.不可數(shù)名詞具體化: These games are great successes; The party was a great success.
三、名詞的所有格:
1.表示有生命的名詞后加’s, 如一樣?xùn)|西為幾人共有,則在最后一個名詞后加’s: Jack and Tom’s room(兩人共有的房間); Jack’s and Tom’s rooms(兩人各自的房間);表示無生命的名詞的所有格用of表示:the windows of the room;
(但表示時間、距離、國家、城市、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)等無生命的名詞后也可加’s: China’s industry; today’s paper; ten minutes’ walk)
2.表示“某人家里”“某店鋪”等的名詞所有格后省略所修飾的名詞:at my aunt’s (house); at the doctor’s (office); go to the chemist’s (shop);
3.雙重所有格:a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名詞+of +…..’s / 名詞性物主代詞(表示“部分”的概念或表示某種感情色彩,如:贊賞、討厭等);
比較:
a friend of her mother’s她母親的一個朋友(強(qiáng)調(diào)她母親的朋友中的一位,為雙重所有格)
a friend of her mother她母親的朋友(強(qiáng)調(diào)兩人間的關(guān)系,為of所有格)
a picture of his brother’s(他弟弟的所擁有的照片中的一張,照片上不一定是他本人)
a picture of his brother(他弟弟本人的一張照片,照片上就是他本人)
四、名詞作定語修飾名詞:前一個名詞表示后一個名詞的特點、性質(zhì)及用途;
(1)一般前面的名詞用單數(shù)形式,復(fù)數(shù)加在后面主體名詞上:shoe shop(s); story book(s); coffee cup(s); physics teacher(s); 個別名詞修飾另外一個名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式:sales manager; sports meet; 由man / woman與另一個名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞兩者都變復(fù)數(shù):men/ women doctors;
(2)比較名詞作定語及形容詞作定語的不同意義:
a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 裝灰塵的袋子/ a dusty bag布滿灰塵的袋子 a chemical change化學(xué)變化(具有化學(xué)性質(zhì)的變化)/ a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)一個化學(xué)老師
a gold watch 一只金表(表材質(zhì))/ a golden watch一只金黃色的表
五.英語中”很多”的表達(dá):
只修飾可數(shù)名詞:quite a few / a great many (of) / many / a (large / small) number of
只修飾不可數(shù)名詞: a great deal of / a great amount of ( great amounts of)
既可修飾可數(shù)也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞:plenty of / a lot of ( lots of ) / a (large) quantity of / large quantities of
以上是名詞主謂一致介詞代詞考點要點點撥,育路網(wǎng)預(yù)祝大家可以考上自己理想的大學(xué)。
(責(zé)任編輯:郭峰)
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