考研英語復習指導經典句解析十九

         1. More probable is bird transport，either externally，by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers，or internally，by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent　excretion of the seeds.
　　更有可能的是鳥類運輸：或者是通過外部途徑，即由于種籽偶然粘附在羽毛上；或者是通過內部方式，即由于鳥類吞食果子并隨后將種籽排泄出來。
　　難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語、倒裝
　　解釋：句首有一個倒裝，正常語序是bird transport is more probable。后面的句子中由于插入部分的頻繁出現使句子顯得十分凌亂。
　　意群訓練：More probable is bird transport，either externally，by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers，or internally，by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent　excretion of the seeds.
　　2. A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that England’s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy , dominated by expansionist militarist objectives , generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution .
　　一個對于后來成了美國的英國殖民地的歷史的長久以來的觀點，認為英國在1763年以前對于這些殖民地的政策被經濟利益所支配，而且認為一種向著更大程度帝國制度的政策上的轉變——為擴張主義的軍事目標所左右——產生了比較終導致美國革命的緊張氣氛。
　　難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語
　　解釋：主架構簡單，可是主語和表語從句都不讓人省心。句子的主干其實就是：A long-held view has been that..。但是主語A long-held view之后卻是修飾它的一個三層的定語：of the history of the english colonies that became the United States。系動詞has been之后所接的表語從句其實不止一個，其實原句是用了and來連接兩個并列的表語從句，has been that…and has been that…。后面的has been照例被省略。
　　意群訓練：A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that England’s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy , dominated by expansionist militarist objectives , generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution .
　　3. It is not known how rare this resemblance is，or whether it is most often seen in　inclusions of silicates such as garnet，whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond； but when present，the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic.
　　現在尚不知這種類似稀少到何種地步，也不知道是否它比較常見于象石榴石一類的硅酸鹽內含物中，而這類物質的晶體結構普遍地在某種程度上類似于金剛石的晶體結構。但一旦存在，這種類似就被視作極有說服力的證據，證明金剛石與內含物確是同源的。
　　難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語
　　解釋：本句的句子既長，專有名詞又多，從句層出不窮，故而難懂。在本句中出現的專有名詞中，除了silicates硅酸鹽這個單詞常常出現于理科文章中，需要記憶之外，其他單詞閱讀現場簡單處理一番既可：inclusions可以猜出是被包含的物質；garnet作首字母提煉叫g:crystallography只要能從詞頭推出這個單詞與晶體有關即可。
　　意群訓練：It is not known how rare this resemblance is，or whether it is most often seen in　inclusions of silicates such as garnet，whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond；but when present，the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic.
　　4. Even the "radical" critiques　of this mainstream research model，such as the critique developed in Divided Society，attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social　mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination　of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.
　　即使是對這一主流研究模型的“激進”批評，諸如《分裂的社會》（Divided Society）一書中所提出的那種批判，亦將少數民族同化問題過分機構地與經濟和社會移動性的因素聯系起來，因此無從闡明波多黎各人作為一個殖民地少數民族的文化從屬關系。
　　難句類型：復雜修飾、插入語、省略、抽象詞
　　解釋：本句實際上是由and連接的兩個句子，閱讀的一個難度在于，and之后省略了they(此處指前面的主語the radical critiques，)而are thus able to 又與前面離得太遠，使讀者難以找到主語。 另外，句中的固定搭配attach A to B和illuminate C as D當中的A、B、C，全部既長又抽象，理解起來較為困難。
　　意群訓練：Even the "radical" critiques　of this mainstream research model，such as the critique developed in Divided Society，attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social　mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination　of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.