考研英語英漢翻譯筆記——一組詞組

  1.all＋抽象名詞/抽象名詞＋itself ＝ very + adj.
  He was all gentleness to her.他對她非常溫存。
  To his superiors, he is humility itself。對于長輩，他極為謙遜。
  分析：該結構原來是表示某種性質達到極點的一種說法，有“非常”、“盡管”、“一味”、“盡”的含義，有時甚至可以譯為“。。。。的化身”、“。。。。的具體化”。普通復數名詞用于“all”之后，也是表達這種概念。
  He is all smiles.他一味地笑。
  She is all eyes.她盯著看。
  I am all anxiety.我真擔心。
  He is all attention.他全神貫注地聽著。
  2.Something (much) of / nothing (little) of
  Mr.Li is something of a philospher.李先生略具哲學家風范。
  Mr. Wu is nothing of a musician.吳先生全無音樂家的風味。
  Mr. Lu is very much of a poet.陸先生大有詩人氣派。
  Mr.Liu is little of a scholar.劉先生幾無學者風度。
  分析：此為表示“程度”的形容詞短語，有時可以當作副詞翻譯。
  Something of ＝to some extent（某程度），在問句和條件句中則用anyting of（略有、多少）。nothing of譯作“全無、毫無”。

  相類似的情況：
  to be something of = to have something of + 名詞＋in ＋代名詞
  He is nothing in ability of an orator = He has nothing of an orator in his ability.他毫無演說家的才能。

  這類名詞的用法，可以處理為副詞。
  He has seen something of life.他略具閱歷。他稍閱世。

  Something of 與something like區別：程度上有差異。
  something like ＝ something approximateing in character or amount指數量或性質略同的事物，又作somewhat(似乎、略微)解釋。
  This is something like a pudding.此物略似布丁。
  It shaped something like a cigar.其形狀略似雪茄。

  3.as...as 的三種用法;
（1）He is as kind as his sister.他象他妹妹一樣和藹。
（2）He is as kind as honest.他既誠實又和藹。
（3）He ia as kind as his sister is honest.他妹妹誠實，而他和藹。
 句式1表示兩個不同的人相同的性質；
 句式2表示同一個人不同的性質；
 句式3表示兩個人的不同性質。該句式中第一個as為之時副詞，第二個as為連詞。所以，第一個as后面為adj./adv.，而第二個as后面為從句。

  4.as......as any / as .....as ever
  He is as great a statesman as any = He is as great a statesman as ever lived.他是一位稀有的政治家。

  5.as.....as.....can be
  It is as plain as plain can be （may be）.那是再明白不過了。
  A lot of these boys were green as green can be.這些男孩許多都是精力充沛無以復加的。

  6.as......., so............
  As rust eats iron, so care eats the heart.憂能傷人，猶如銹之蝕鐵。
  SO相當于in the same proportion; in like manner; in the same way(亦復如此)。為加強語氣，也可以在as前面加上just一詞。
  As fire tries gold, so does adversity try courage.正如火能試金，逆境可以試人的勇氣。
  As the human body is nourished by the food, so is a nation nourished by its industries.正像身體要靠食物營養一樣，國家要靠工業營養。
  7.It is in (or with)........as in (or with)......
  It is in life as in a journey.人生好比旅途。
  It is in studying as in eating; he who does it gets the benefits, and not he who sees it done.讀書和吃飯一樣，得到利益的是那些實際在吃的人，而不是旁觀的人。
  It is in mind as in body which must be nourished by good food.精神和身體都必須有好的食物來營養。
  8.as good as / as well as
  It is as goos as done.這就和做好了一樣。
  It is broad as well as long.那既長且寬。
  as good as 有兩個含義：
（1）amounting to ; not falling short of;等于；同樣； 幾如；； 不欠缺
He was as good as his word.他不爽約。
（2）virtually; essentially; in every essential respect實際上；其實；實在；在各要點上
He is as good as dead already.宛如死人；行尸走肉；名存實亡
as well as 有四個含義：
（1）no less than; equally with等于；不下于；亦；一樣好
I have understanding as well as you.
（2）both....and..;one equally with the other“與”、“兩者皆”
Work in moderation is healthy as well as agreeable to the human constitution.適度勞動對身體給予快感，又有益衛生。
（3）與not only....but also有連帶關系
He has experience as well as knowledge.= He has not only knowledge but also experience.

（4）可以代替better than
As well (= better) be hanged for a sheep as ( = than) for a lamb.竊鉤如竊國，與其盜小羊。