2010年考研英語真題同源難句精選之非謂語動詞

　　非謂語動詞
　　【難句19】The energy used to separate oxygen from air before burning is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards, leading to a similar loss of efficiency. (The Economist Nov. 30, 2006)
　　【結構分析】本句是一個簡單句，為一個主系表結構The energy is almost as great as that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards，使用了as…as…結構，其中被比較的對象that needed to filter out nitrogen afterwards中，that指代上文的energy，過去分詞結構needed to…作后置定語體現被動。其中主語energy由過去分詞結構used to separate oxygen from air before burning 作后置定語體現被動;句末的現在分詞結構leading to a similar loss of efficiency作全句的結果狀語。
　　【參考譯文】燃燒前將氧氣從空氣中分離所需的能源幾乎不亞于上述將氮氣過濾所需的耗費，這就使得兩者在效率損失上不相上下。
　　【難句20】Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs, outsourcing not just their non-core activities but essential ones too. (The Economist Jun. 15, 2006)
　　【結構分析】本句不難，逗號前為主句Some great manufacturers and great service companies may have become too lean in their relentless drive to reduce costs,使用了too…to…結構，句末的現在分詞結構outsourcing not just their non�瞔ore activities but essential ones too作伴隨狀語，進一步補充說明reduce costs的具體內容。
　　【參考譯文】有些大的制造商和服務供應商熱衷于降低成本，不僅把非核心業務外包，而且連核心業務也不放過。
　　【難句21】The study shows that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year, increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels. (The Sunday Times Jan. 11, 2007)
　　【結構分析】本句是復合句。逗號前為主句，是主謂賓結構，其中謂語shows的賓語由that引導的名詞性從句that nearly half the organizations featured in the Times Top 100 Graduate Employers plan to expand their graduate programs this year充當。現在分詞結構increasing the total number of vacancies available for new graduates by more than 10 percent compared with 2006 recruitment levels作狀語，我們可以理解其為結果狀語，注意增加的幅度用介詞by表示。句末的過去分詞結構compared with 2006 recruitment levels作比較狀語。
　　【參考譯文】研究表明，《時代》排名前100名的畢業生雇主單位中有將近一半計劃今年將擴大畢業生接收規模，為新的畢業生增加可利用的空缺職位數量，這個數量與2006年的新成員水平相比，會增加10%以上。
　　【難句22】The trouble is, as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health you’re back at your desk, facing the same situation that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place. (Times Online Jan. 11, 2007)
　　【結構分析】本句主干是一個主系表結構The trouble is…，其中表語部分由從句充當。在表語從句中，包含as soon as引導的時間狀語從句as soon as you’ve been given a clean bill of health，翻譯為“一……就……”。現在分詞短語facing the same situation…作you’re back at your desk的伴隨狀語，關系代詞that引導的定語從句 that led to depression and compulsive behavior problems in the first place修飾先行詞the same situation，that在從句中作主語。
　　【參考譯文】問題是，一旦你得到清楚的健康證明，你就得立刻回到你的辦公桌，并且首先就要面對與原來曾導致沮喪和強迫性行為問題的同樣的情形。
　　【難句23】Drivers can instruct their car stereos to “play similar”， prompting the system to call up songs in the same musical genre. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)
　　【結構分析】本句結構清晰，主干是一個主謂賓結構：Drivers can instruct their car stereos to “play similar”，其中不定式結構to “play similar”構成了instruct their cars的復合賓語。現在分詞結構prompting the system to call up songs in the same musical genre作instruct their car stereos to “play similar”的狀語，我們可以理解為結果狀語，在這里，prompt后也采用了不定式結構to call up songs in the same musical genre與the system一起構成復合賓語的形式。
　　【參考譯文】駕駛者可以指令車內立體聲設備“播放相似音樂”，提示系統集合相同風格的音樂。
　　【難句24】Having succeeded as a convenient vehicle for every conceivable political and commercial slogan, the threads themselves are becoming the newest message, logically enough. (Time Jan. 18, 2007)
　　【結構分析】本句為主從復合句。主句中的主語與從句中的主語一致，從句中省去主謂，造成分詞作伴隨狀語的形式，我們可以還原為since the threads have succeeded as…主句部分是the threads themselves are becoming the newest message,句末的 logically enough是狀語，在翻譯時，我們可以轉譯為be becoming the newest message的補充部分。
　　【參考譯文】成功作為政治和商業口號的一種便捷媒介物，(T恤)衣服本身也成了比較新的信息，這種情況(的發生)合乎邏輯。
　　【難句25】Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds, targeting more established companies, and increasingly setting their sights abroad. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)
　　【結構分析】本句結構清晰，主句為Some of the biggest venture capital firms are raising large funds,兩個現在分詞結構targeting more established companies和increasingly setting their sights abroad由and并列，作全句的伴隨狀語。
　　【參考譯文】某些大的風險投資公司正在籌集大量的資金，他們的目標是已經穩定的企業，并且日益將目光投向海外市場。