考研英語(yǔ)否定結(jié)構(gòu)句子解析

 一、部分否定
    
    常用詞有代詞或副詞：all、both、every、everybody、every day、everyone、many、everything、entirely、altogether、absolutely、wholly、completely、weathered、always、often等和not搭配時(shí)，表示部分否定，意為“并非都是，不是每個(gè)都是”。
    
    Both of them are not my brothers.
    
    All is not gold that glitters=not all is gold that glitters.
    
    Every man cannot do it=not every man can do it
    
    I don't remember all these formulas.
    
    This kind of tree is not found everywhere.
    
    The rich are not always happy.
    
    Every couple is not a pair.
    
    二、轉(zhuǎn)移否定
    
    a.否定主語(yǔ)，但否定詞not在形式上往往否定謂語(yǔ)。
    
    Everybody cannot enjoy pop music.（not everyone）
    
    b.否定表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，但否定詞not在形式上往往否定謂語(yǔ)。
    
    The cloth does not feel very soft.=The cloth feels not very soft.
    
    I don't agree with all of you. (some of you)
    
    I don't like both of the books. (I like not both of them.)
    
    c.否定狀語(yǔ)，但否定詞not在形式上往往否定謂語(yǔ)。
    
    He has not come to the decision quickly. (not quickly)
    
    I did not do it for myself. (I did it not for myself.)
    
    The students did not sit there listening to the teacher.
    
    d.在not…and 結(jié)構(gòu)中，否定的往往是and 后的部分，但否定詞not往往否定謂語(yǔ)。
    
    The house is not big and comfortable.
    
    The house is not big、but comfortable.
    
    The house is not big or comfortable.
    
    He doesn't speak Russian and French.
    
    Don't drink and drive.
    
    We can't put on airs and make people like us.
    
    正確理解和區(qū)分部分否定和全部否定很重要，稍一疏忽，就會(huì)鑄成譯文上的大錯(cuò)。
    
    a.I don't know anything about her.（一無(wú)所知）
    
    I don't know everything about her.（并不全知道）
    
    b.None of the answers are right.（都不正確）
    
    All the answers are not right. （并非都正確）
    
    c.I don't know any of them.（全不認(rèn)識(shí)）
    
    I don't know all of them.（并非都認(rèn)識(shí)）