2011考研英語模擬題(8)

　　全文翻譯

　　一份比較近的議會報告指責政府和食品工業導致肥胖患者增多。交通部門被指責在促進步行和騎車設施的發展方面做得不夠，而且屈從于代表汽車使用者的機動車組織的壓力。教育部被指責出賣學校的操場，在保證提供用于體育教學和游戲的充足設施方面做得不夠。英國的年輕人為足球和橄欖球而瘋狂，但更多的只是坐在家里看電視的“沙發土豆”。

　　食品工業被指控向學生兜售垃圾食品，在減少熟食中糖、脂肪和鹽含量方面做得不夠。受到目前艾特金斯低碳水化合物飲食潮流的刺激，食品工業已經有所反應，但是它要努力保護一個龐大的市場，而且如果要避開日益增多的規定，它需要做的事情還很多。

　　迄今為止，日本看上去受肥胖問題的影響較小，但是隨著日本人食譜的日益西化（夾餅和油炸圈餅），問題會變得嚴重。有趣的是，日式烹飪在英國很流行。它被看作是有別于地中海飲食的另一種健康飲食，后者著重于西紅柿和橄欖油以及與之相結合的紅酒。

　　稍飲紅酒現在被認為有利于心臟，更不用說紅酒其它令人振奮的品性。但是英國人還需要做許多事情來解決與狂飲文化有關的酗酒問題——包括暴力和破壞行為。有節制的酒類消費，只要不和駕駛行為搭伴，就是無害的并可能是有益的。

　　五、失眠

　　Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using__1__ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or __3__an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__.

　　Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have__6__ of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But __7__the complaints，scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia，its health consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of specialists __8__together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called__9__a broad range of research into insomnia，__10__that if scientists understood its __11__causes，they could develop better treatments.

　　Most，but not all，insomnia is thought to __12__other health problems，from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in__13__complicates those other problems. Other diseases __14__，the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more __15__among women，especially after their 50s. Smoking，caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep.

　　The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some__17__to specific disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before deciding what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia.

　　1. [A] unproven [B] unknown [C] improper [D] imperative