1997年在職人員申請(qǐng)碩士研究生考試英語試題

ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR MASTER�睤EGREE APPLICANTS '97

Paper One
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes,15 points)
Section A
Directions:In this Section, you will hear 9 short conversations.At the end of each conversation,there will be a question.Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
[LISTEN] [DOWNLOAD]

A.Reasons.
B.Advice.
C.Leave.
D.Opinions.

A.Teacher and student.
B.Manager and customer.
C.Secretary and client.
D.Interviewer and interviewee.

A.At a supermarket.
B.In a hotel room.
C.At a department store.
D.In a lost and found department.

A.She can't find her notebook in the place where she left it.
B.She can remember now where she left her notebook.
C.She can't recall where she left her notebook.
D.She has found her notebook at last.

A.They are satisfactory.
B.They are disappointing.
C.They are terrible.
D.Too early to know.

A.It's hard to say.
B.Definitely.
C.Certainly not.
D.Yes,he is.

A.$44.00.
B.$14.00.
C.$40.00.
D.$30.00.

A.He is too sleepy to eat.
B.He doesn't feel like eating at this hour.
C.He can't stand the taste of the food.
D.He doesn't enjoy eating in this dim place.

A.The man spends more than he makes.
B.The man is not keen on arts.
C.The woman is an artist.
D.The woman looks down upon the man.

Section B
Directions:In this section,you will hear 2 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the question will be spoken only once.After you hear one question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Questions 10～12 are based on the following passage.
Passage One [LISTEN] [DOWNLOAD]

A.Certainly.
B.It depends.
C.Certainly not.
D.None of the above.

A.The world would be more beautiful.
B.The earth would become less visible from the moon.
C.Sunrise and sunset would lose their beauty.
D.The view of sunrise and sunset would become more enjoyable.

A.Formation of rain drops in the air.
B.Vaporization of water in the air.
C.Development of air pollution.
D.Increase of rain drops.

Questions 13～15 are based on the following passage.
Passage Two [LISTEN] [DOWNLOAD]

A.They can be used to express all kinds of feelings.
B.They can be used to do business with people.
C.They can be used to convey our most important messages to people.
D.They can be used to deliver all the messages in our life.

A.Dismayed.
B.Frustrated.
C.Disappointed.
D.Relieved.

A.It helps to avoid conflict.
B.It helps people get their own way.
C.It stops any kinds of arguments.
D.It improves the business of the marriage counselors.

Part II Vocabulary(10 minutes,10 points)
Section A
Directions:In each item,choose one word that best keeps the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word.Mark out your choice on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

The contury old hostilities between the two tribes eventually terminated through the persistent efforts of the local government.
A.vanished
B.diminished
C.shrunk
D.worsened

The leaders of the two countries are planning their summit meeting with a pledge to maintain and develop good ties.
A.strategy
B.standpoint
C.promise
D.priority

Computers will flourish because they enable us to accomplish tasks that could never before have been undertaken.
A.implement
B.render
C.complete
D.assign

Herman's success is due to his hard work and his ability to formulate plans which will get work done efficiently.
A.fulfill
B.approve
C.conceive
D.conduct

The farm ministers scheduled an emergency meeting in Luxembourg in hopes of easing the worldwide“mad cow” panic .
A.crisis
B.alarm
C.hazard
D.peril

The young man asked his parents not to worry because he was full of optimism about his career.
A.motivation
B.confidence
C.imagination
D.resolution

One's awareness , both conscious and unconscious,of what happened in the past has a strong influence on one's behavior.
A.storage
B.impression
C.perception
D.memory

On hearing of the case some time later,Conan Doyle was convinced that the man was not guilty, and immediately went to work to ascertain the truth.
A.explore
B.obtain
C.verify
D.search

All the staff members of the department made zealous efforts to clean up the hall for the Christmas party.
A.enthusiastic
B.concerted
C.gigantic
D.dedicated

The recent findings are also applicable to other areas of design engineering.
A.relevant
B.practical
C.convenient
D.comparable

Section B
Directions:In each question, decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Mark out your choice on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _____ the risks and benefits.
A.weighing
B.valuing
C.evaluating
D.distinguishing

More international trend for business and pleasure brings greater _____ to other societies.
A.exchange
B.contribution
C.expansion
D.exposure

Shortage of land and funding are blamed for the city's _____ green space.
A.inefficient
B.inaccurate
C.inadequate
D.indispensable

If English is not our first language you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speaker of English does not even have to _____ .
A.think out
B.think about
C.think over
D.think for

Retail sales volume in local urban and rural areas rose 57.8 per cent and 46.8 per cent, _____ ,over February 1995.
A.individually
B.respectively
C.correspondingly
D.accorgingly

This book is a _____ of radio scripts, in which we seek to explain how the words and expressions become part of our language.
A.collection
B.publication
C.volume
D.stack

A man's _____ is best when he can forget himself and any reputation he may have required and can concentrate wholly on making the right decisions.
A.anticipation
B.acknowledgment
C.expectation
D.judgment

Does brain power _____ as we get older? Scientists now have some surprising answers.
A.descend
B.decline
C.deduce
D.collapse

The largest system serving e-mail messengers is the Internet, a _____ of millions of computers linked worldwide.
A.unity
B.combination
C.network
D.connection

I _____ a letter to an Internet service that distributes journalists' questions to more than 750 institutions.
A.assigned
B.dispatched
C.attached
D.detached

Part III Reading Comprehension (50 minutes,30 points)
Directions:There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Questions 36～40 are based on the following passage.
In the USA,85% of the population over the age of 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states which still have the death penalty, some use the electric chair, which can take up to 20 minutes to kill, while others use gas or lethal injection.
The first of these was the case of Ruth Ellis who was hanged for shooting her lover in what was generally regarded as a crime of passion. The second was hanged for murders which, it was later proved, had been committed by someone else.
The pro-hanging lobby(贊成極刑的活動(dòng)集團(tuán))uses four main arguments to support its call for the reintroduction of capital punishment. First there is the deterrence theory, which argues that potential murderers would think twice before committing the act if they knew that they might die if they were caught. The armed bank robber might,likewise,go back to being unarmed.
The other two arguments are more suspect. The idea of retribution demands that criminals should get what they deserve: if a murderer intentionally set out to commit a crime, he should accept the consequences. Retribution, which is just another word for revenge, is supported by the religious doctrine of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.
The arguments against the death penalty are largely humanitarian(人道主義的).But there are also statistical reasons for opposing it: the deterrence figures do not add up. In Britain, 1903 was the the record year for executions and yet in 1904 the number of murders actually rose. There was a similar occurrence in 1946 and 1947. If the deterrence theory were correct, the rate should have fallen.
The other reasons to oppose the death penalty are largely a matter of individual conscience and belief. One is that murder is murder and that the state has no more right to take a life than the individual. The other is that Christianity advises forgiveness, not revenge.

All of the following death penalty methods are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT _____ .
A.the electric chair
B.the lethal injection
C.the poisonous gas
D.the shooting

According to the first four paragraphs,which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A.Ruth Ellis was shot by his lover, which was regarded as a crime of passion.
B.The death penalty may help the potential murderers to arouse moral awareness.
C.The intentional murderer should eat his own bitter fruit.
D.According to the religious doctrine, punishment should be as severe as the injury suffered.

In paragraph 3,“deterrence”means _____ .
A.proclamation
B.protest
C.prevention
D.protection

We can learn from the last paragraph that _____ .
A.neither the state nor the individual has the right to take a life
B.the state has the right to take a life but the individual does not
C.the death penalty has nothing to do with individual conscience and belief
D.the deterrence figures have added up and the execution rate has fallen

The passage is mainly about _____ .
A.the argument in favor of the death penalty
B.the argument against the death penalty
C.the argument about the abolition of the death penalty
D.the argument about the reintroduction of the death penalty

Questions 41～45 are based on the following passage.
Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room? In 2040 it will not matter. They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return. You will choose the temperature for each room, the lighting and the humidity. A sensor will detect the presence of a human(and,with luck,ignore the dog!)and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off again.
The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you. They will detect faulty electrical appliances,plugs or switches, isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. They will detect fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fire brigade. It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder. This will not be too difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using your personal card—the one you use for shopping—maybe using a number known only to you.
It will be impossible to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper(撥弄)with the lock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer.
The computer will be more than a fireman�瞤oliceman�瞫ervant. It will be an entertainer, and most of your entertainment will come right into your home. It does now, of course, but by 2040“entertainment” will mean much more. For one thing, you will be able to take part actively,rather than just watching…

The author intends to tell us that _____ .
A.in 2040 we will live without the lights and heaters
B.in 2040 we will use much more lights and heaters
C.in 2040 lights and heaters will be on and off automatically
D.in 2040 there will be no switches of lights and heaters

Which of the following statements is Not true?
A.You can be taken for an intruder if you tamper with the lock or with a window.
B.The sensor will detest fire and make an emergency call.
C.Without a computer, the sensor can not do much.
D.The sensor is multi�瞗unctional.

According to the author, in 2040, new technology _____ .
A.will turn everything into sensors
B.will free us from the keys we use today
C.will make the locks out of date
D.will eliminate all crimes

Thanks to computers, in 2040 people _____ .
A.will have no entertainment outside
B.will replace TV with computers
C.will be controlled by computers
D.will have more fun at home

The best title for the passage might be _____ .
A.Life at Home in the Year 2040
B.Sensors and Computers
C.The Development of Science and Technology
D.Lights and Heaters in the Year 2040

Questions 46～50 are based on the following passage.
With the Switzerland�瞓ased World Wildlife Fund(WWF),China is making a concerted and dedicated effort to save the endangered pandas. The results,officials here in Chengdu indicate, are mixed but encouraging.
A clear disappointment is the failure to breed pandas in captivity,necessary if their decreasing numbers are to be replaced. Another failure has been the incapability to find a natural, readily available food to replace the arrow bamboo.
Despite these failures, success has come on two fronts. One achievement has been the physical rescue effort. Some pandas have been kept alive by salting(空投)the mountains with tons of cooked meat, which pandas will eat as a substitute for bamboo,and by the planting of new bamboo in isolated areas. Animals in some Sichuan areas have been rescued by local peasants and given emergency treatment by animal doctors.
A second achievement is a massive fund�瞨aising effort. Publicity about the pandas' plight has resulted in a new $100 000 emergency allocation by the WWF and independent fund drives both in China and abroad.
In spite of this support, there have been conflicts in the panda relief program. One important problem is the difficulty Peking is having balancing the recommendations of environmentalists with China's ambitious goal of agricultural and industrial modernization.
Wolong is but one example of this difficulty. This 494,000�瞐cre preserve was declared a protected area in 1975. Yet 1,800 people,mostly Tibetans,still live in the preserve,logging trucks still roll down the narrow mountain roads,and blasting work still goes on at the site of a new 160,000�瞜ilowatt hydroelectric plant just six miles away.
This all means that the pandas' fight for survival will not be an easy one,even with the concerted effort of man. For in the end, even if they can survive the dangers of the wild, they must still contend with man himself.

Which of the following threatens the pandas' survival in the Wolong preserve?
A.Local population.
B.Economic development.
C.Unfavorable environment.
D.All of the above.

All of the following help prevent the decline of the panda population EXCEPT _____ .
A.the large�瞫cale fund�瞨aising drives
B.the reproduction of panda offspring during captivity
C.the rescue of the injured and the sick
D.the cultivation of new bamboo forests

It can be inferred from the passage that _____ .
A.Switzerland is the only country that contributes in the panda relief program
B.it is too late to rescue the endangered pandas
C.the survival of pandas is an international concern
D.the lovely pandas will soon die out

Efforts to save the endangered pandas _____ .
A.have met with setbacks but brought hope
B.have proven highly successful
C.have failed completely
D.have received no response from the scientists

The tone of the author's conclusion concerning pandas' survival is _____ .
A.worried
B.optimistic
C.angry
D.impersonal

Questions 51～55 are based on the following passage.
Revenge is one of those things that everyone enjoys.People don't like to talk about it, though.Just the same,there is nothing more satisfying or more rewarding than revenge.The purpose is not to harm your victims but to let them know that you are upset about something that they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relief from bothersome coworkers,gossiping friends,or nagging family members.
Coworkers who make comments about the fact that you ate always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. All you have to do is get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each coworker's house. Reach under the hood of your coworker's car and disconnect the center wire that leads to the distributor cap, the car will be unharmed,but it will not start,and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If you're lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only one there and will give you a raise.
Gossiping friends at school are also perfect targets for a simple act of revenge. A way to trap either male or female friends is to leave phony messages on their lockers. If the friend that you want to get is male,leave a message that a certain girl would like him to stop by her house later that day. With any luck,her boyfriend will be there. The girl won't know what's going on, and the victim will be so embarrassed that he probably won't leave his home for a month.
When Mom and Dad and your sisters and brothers really begin to annoy you,harmless revenge may be just the way to make them quiet down for a while. The dinner table is a likely place. Just before the meal begins, throw a handful of raisins into the food. Wait about five minutes and, after everyone has begun to eat, cover your mouth with your hand and begin to make odd noises. When they ask you what the matter is, point to a raisin and yell,“Bugs!” They'll dump their food in the disposal,jump into the car,and head for McDonald's. That night, you'll have your first quiet, peaceful meal in a long time.
A well�瞤lanned revenge does not have to hurt anyone. The object is simply to let other people know that they are beginning to bother you.

The main topic of the passage is how to _____ .
A.avoid nagging family members
B.silence gossiping friends
C.make a harmless revenge
D.deal with bothersome coworkers

According to the passage, a harmless revenge is _____ .
A.to react to those who bother you
B.to amuse the victim
C.to prevent one from disturbing others
D.to hurt nobody emotionally

As a harmless revenge,you might come first and get a raise by _____ .
A.pleasing your boss
B.getting up earlier than your colleagues
C.destroying your colleagues' cars
D.making your colleagues come late

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the second example?
A.The girl received a phony message.
B.The victim was invited by the girl.
C.The girl managed to revenge the victim harmlessly.
D.The girl wasn't expecting the victim.

The family members dumped their food in the disposal because _____ .
A.they wanted to eat out
B.they thought their food had been spoiled
C.they wanted to have a peaceful meal
D.they didn't like the food with raisins

Questions 56～60 are based on the following passage.
Investment in the public sector,such as electricity,irrigation,public services and transport (excluding vehicles,ships and planes)increased by about 10%,although the emphasis moved to the transport and away from the other sectors mentioned. Trade and services recorded a 16%～17% investment growth,including a 30% increase in investment in business premises. Industrial investment is estimated to have risen by 8%. Although the share of agriculture in total gross investment in the economy continued to decline,investment grew by 9% in absolute terms, largely spurred on by a 23% expansion of investment in agricultural equipment. Housing construction had 12% more invested in it in 1964, not so much owing to increased demand, as to fears of new taxes and limitation of building.
Total consumption in real terms rose by close on 11% during 1964, and per capita personal consumption by under 7%, as in 1963. The undesirable trend towards a rapid rise in consumption, evident in previous years, remained unaltered. Since at current prices consumption rose by 16% and disposable income by 13%, there was evidently a fall in the rate of saving in the private sector of the economy. Once again consumption patterns indicated a swift advance in the standard of living. Expenditure on food declined in significance, although consumption of fruit increased. Spending on furniture and household equipment, health,education and recreation continued to increase. The greatest proof of altered living standards was the rapid expansion of expenditure on transport(including private cars)and personal services of all kinds,which occurred during 1964.The progressive wealth of large sectors of the public was demonstrated by the changing composition of durable goods purchased. Saturation(飽和)point was rapidly being approached for items such as the first household radio,gas cookers, and electric refrigerators,whereas increasing purchases of automobiles and television sets were registered.

The author thinks that the trend towards a rapid rise in consumption was “undesirable” because _____ .
A.people saved less
B.people were wealthy
C.people consumed less
D.expenditures on luxuries increased

Expenditure increased on all the following EXCEPT _____ .
A.food
B.automobiles
C.education
D.entertainment

It can be inferred from the increase of fruit consumption that _____ .
A.people had to spend more on transportation and furniture
B.people were more health conscious
C.people were more money conscious
D.the price of fruit dropped dramatically

The word“registered”in the last line most probably means _____ .
A.marked
B.approached
C.listed
D.booked

From this passage,we learn that the people _____ .
A.spent more money than they earned
B.saved more money than previously
C.spent their money wisely
D.invested and consumed at an accelerated pace

Questions 61～65 are based on the following passage.
Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society. It fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques,those conventions and values,which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
The distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes and social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization.To the anthropologist,our customs and those of a new Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem,and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bound to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior,not as it is shaped by one tradition, our own, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever.He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures,and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiate,the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of peoples function in the lives of the individuals.
Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment.The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom,we have a way of thinking, is beha