考研英語閱讀定語從句實例解析(二)

　　3. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities-those of love and of reason-are the aims of all social arrangements.

　　要點：本句為含有兩個定語從句的主從復合句。主句的謂語動詞suggest可接動名詞作賓語。而賓語中的transform一詞常用在transform sth.from…… into……結構中，譯為“把…從…轉變為…”。句中兩個in which分別修飾其先行詞industrialism，翻譯時宜采用前置法。兩個破折號之間的those of love and of reason為potentialities一詞的同位語。

　　譯文：我建議把我們的社會制度從以最大限度的生產和最大限度的消費為目的的官僚主義管理下的產業體制轉變為一個充分發揮人的潛能——即愛和理智的潛能——為其全部社會工作之目的的人道主義產業體制。

　　4. President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of their rank or viewpoint.

　　要點：本句中who……，who……，on whose……，who……四個定語從句并列，共同修飾中心詞people.

　　譯文：肯尼迪總統需要提問題的人、能提批評意見的人、做出可靠判斷的人以及能提出明智看法的人，而不問他們的級別和觀點。

　　5. In the soap war between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made of statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.

　　要點：此句結構比較復雜，但主句很簡單，主語為use，謂語為is made.主句正常語序為tremendous use of statistics is made to……，to measure……作目的狀語，resulting from……為現在分詞短語作difference的后置定語。which引導一個非限制性定語從句，修飾allocation to advertising.so that引導一個結果狀語從句。plus為介詞，意為“加上”。soap war為“肥皂廣告大戰”。

　　譯文：在Proctor and Gamble和Unilever兩家企業之間的“肥皂大戰”中，雙方就大量使用了統計學知識來測量由相應的廣告投入所引起的市場上的動態差異，這一項在前的生產成本中占較大部分，所以他們把生產成本看作是生產費用與廣告費用之和。

　　6. Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.

　　要點：本句為簡單復合句。句架為Smart cards，which……，are already widely used in European countries where……。which為關系代詞，引導非限制性定語從句，修飾smart cards；where為關系副詞，引導定語從句，修countries.nationwide：全國范圍內的。roll out：本意為“展開（卷起之物）”，此處為引申義，指展開工作。

　　譯文：智能卡載有的信息量是普通磁卡信息載量的80多倍，已經在歐洲各國廣泛使用，因而使歐洲各國中央銀行得以在全國范圍展開新型的服務。