三、貿易雙方在討論裝運時間時應注意的4點：(考試重點)

　　1.The exporter should consider whether he can get the goods ready before the shipment date and whether the ship is available if the goods are ready. 出口商應當考慮能否在裝運日期前將貨物備妥。如果貨物能備妥，是否能配上載貨的船只。

　　注釋：consider: 考慮 get sth. ready: 把...準備好

　　2.The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way. 裝運時間的規定應當清楚、靈活。

　　比如:

　　1)shipment on or about July 20 于或約于7月20日發貨。(即靈活又清楚)

　　2)shipment on July 20. 這種規定，雖然很清楚，但是不靈活，如果賣方不能在7月20日發貨，則構成違約(break contract)

　　3)Expression such as “ prompt”, “immediately”, “as soon as possible”, and the like should not be used. If they are used banks will disregard them. If these terms are used, disputes may occur because there is no uniform explanation of these terms. 不應該使用諸如“迅速”、“立即”、“盡快”之類的詞語，如使用此詞語，銀行將不予置理。如果使用了這些詞語，將會因為對這些詞語沒有統一的解釋而出現爭議

　　注釋：clear: 在這里是“清楚，明白”之意; flexible: 靈活的，可塑造的;break contract: 違約;prompt: 迅速的，立刻的;immediately: 立即 as soon as possible: 盡快;disregard: 不予理睬，不管，漠視;terms: 在這里是“措詞，用語”之意;dispute: 爭執，爭議，爭論;occur: (事情的)發生;explanation: 解釋，說明

　　3.Sometimes, the L/C simply stipulates and expiry date without a shipment date, which means these two dates the same. 有時，信用證只規定一個有效期，而沒有裝運時間的規定，這意味著裝運期和有效期為同一天。

　　比如：the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also July 31st. 如信用證規定有效期為7月31日，而沒有規定裝運時間，那么，最遲的裝運期也是7月31日。

　　In this case, the exporter should ship the goods much earlier than July 31st so that he can leave enough time for himself to get all the documents ready and present the documents to his bank within the validity of the L/C. If the exporter ships the goods on July 31st, it is very difficult for him to present the documents to the bank on the same day. 在這種情況下，出口商應早于7月31日裝運以便能為自己留有足夠的時間備齊所有的單據，并將這些單據在信用證規定的交單期內提交給銀行。如果出口商在7月31日裝運貨物，則很難在同一天將單據交給銀行。

　　注釋：sometimes: 有時 expiry date: 有效期; the same: 一樣; without: 沒有，無; in this case: 在這種情況下(in that case: 如果是那樣的話;earlier: early的比較級，早的，更早的。(earlier than 早于...);leave: 留下; enough: 足夠的;present: 提出，呈遞(動詞);validity: 有效(如：the term of validity: 有效期間)

　　4.The Expiry Date 有效期 ( 兩種情況)

　　1) if the expiry date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time for presentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the bank to which presentation has to be made is closed, the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents, as the case many be, shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open. 如信用證的到期日及/或信用證固定的交單期限的最后一天適逢接受單據的銀行不營業，則規定的到期日及/或裝運日后一定期限內交單的最后一天順延至該銀行開業的第一個營業日。

　　核心句子：if the expiry date of credit and/or the last day of the period... falls on a day which the bank is closed, the expiry date and/or the last day of the period of time... shall be extended to...

　　注釋：credit: 信用證;period of time: 一段時間;presentation: 呈遞(present 的名詞形式)fall on: 落到，指向(在這里引申為：適逢); close: 關閉(引申為“不營業”相反的是“open” 營業)at the case : 在這種情況下;extend (to)：延伸，延長; following day: 隨后的一天(課文中“the first following day” 是指在銀行不營業日隨后的第一個工作日。)

　　2)The latest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of extension of the expiry date and/or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such latest date for shipment is stipulated on the credit or amendments, banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiry date stipulated in the credit or amendments. 最遲裝運日期不得由于有效期及/或交單期的延展而順延。如信用證或修改未規定最遲裝運日期，銀行將不接受表明裝運日期遲于信用證或修改規定的到期日的運輸單據。

　　核心句子：the latest date shall not be extended by reason of...., if no such latest date...., bank will not accept....

　　注釋：by reason of: 由于，因為; accept: 接受(注意與receive 的區別)indicate: 表明，顯示 later than: 晚于(相反的是：earlier than)