一、國際銷售交易中付款方式的介紹。

　　1-1 課文：In international sales transactions, different methods of payment are adopted, depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer.

　　注釋：transaction: 交易，事務，處理 method: 方法 adopt: 采用，收養 depend upon:　依賴，依靠(= depend on) relationship: 關系

　　課文意思：在國際銷售交易中，會采用不同的付款方式，這要依賴于賣方和買方之間關系。

　　1-2 課文:　For example, if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long-standing business relationship, they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement.

　　注釋：for example: 例如 know: 了解，認識，熟悉 each other:彼此，互相　long-standing: 長期存在的 on trust : 不加考察，賒賬periodically:　周期性地，定時性地　invoice: 發票 settlement:　結算，解決

　　課文意思：例如，如果賣方和買方相互熟悉并且長期存在業務合作關系，(在這種情況下)他們在操作業務上會采用賒賬的方式，賣方會定時地將發票提供給買方進行結算。

　　1-3 課文：Payment may also be made by other methods such as “cash with order” when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order, or by “documentary collection”， When the seller sends the relevant documents to his bank for release of payments by the buyer in the buyer’s country on the buyers’ acceptance or payment, as may be specified in the documents.

　　注釋：cash with order: 憑指示付款　cheque: 支票 bank draft: 銀行匯票 documentary collection: 跟單托收 relevant:　相關的，相應的　document: 單證 release:　釋放，讓渡 acceptance: 接受，承諾 specify:指定，詳細說明

　　課文意思：也可以通過其他方式付款，如“憑指示付款”，即買方寄出指示性支票或銀行匯票，買方根據賣方的指示來獲得現金，或者也可以用“跟單托收”，即一經買方承兌或付款，賣方就按單匯要求把有關單匯送到自己開戶行，等待買方通過賣方所在國付款。

　　1-4 課文：But in many cases, the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart. They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust. The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods.

　　注釋：case: 情形，案例，場合 locate: 位于 mile:英里　apart:　分開，分離，分別地 in a position to: 能夠 conduct:管理，操作　　commercial transaction:　貿易事務，商業交易　be reluctant to: 不愿意去做…，勉強去做… part with:　賣掉，放棄，喪失　be assured of: 確定… possession: 擁有，所有，占有，財產

　　課文意思：但是在很多情況下，買賣雙方都互不認識，并且各自位于相隔幾千英里的國家。他們不能以賒賬的方式來操作他們的貿易交易。如果沒有確認貨物的所有權，賣方不愿意賣掉貨物。

　　1-5 課文： In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations, the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is known as “Documentary Credit”.

　　注釋：in order to :　為了...　reconcile: 使和解，使和諧，使順從 conflicting:　相沖突的，不一致的，相矛盾的　interest:　利益，利害　mechanism:　機制，機構 evolve:　(使)發展　documentary credit: 跟單信用證

　　課文意思：為了平衡貿易雙方的利益，在這種情況下，國際商會提供并發展了“跟單信用證”這一付款機制。

　　1-6 課文：In simple terms, documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods. The documents transfer title to the goods.

　　注釋：in simple terms:簡單的說　payment against documents：付款交單　instead of:　代替，而不是　transfer: 轉移，轉讓 title: 權利，物權

　　課文意思： 簡單的說，信用證的意思是付款交單而不是付款交貨。 使用單證將貨物的物權轉移。