一、海運運費率的類型 (考試重點)
1-1 課文: Ocean freight rates may be broadly divided into tramp rates and liner freight rates.
注釋:freight rate: 海運運費率 broadly: 廣泛,寬廣地,大致上地 divide into: 分為,分成 tramp rate: 不定期船運費率 liner freight rate: 班輪運輸費率
課文意思:海運運費費率可大致上分成不定期船運費率和班輪運費率。
1. 不定期船費率
特點:
課文:Tramp rates fluctuate with market conditions of supply and demand. In a boom period, the tramp rates rise; in a period of recession, they decline.
不定期船費率隨航運市場的供求關系而波動。在市場繁榮時期,不定期船費率上升,在市場蕭條時期,費率下降(注釋:fluctuate:變動,波動,漲落 boom: 繁榮 recession: 不景氣,蕭條)]
2.班輪運輸費率
特點:
課文:Liner freight rates are fixed by shipping conferences and other liner operators; they are related more to the costs of operation and remain comparatively steady over a period of time. 班輪運費率由班輪公會和其他的班輪營運人確定;他們多與營運成本密切相關,在一定時期內保持相對穩定。(注釋:fixed: 固定的,確定的 shipping conference: 班輪公會 liner operator: 班輪營運人 comparatively: 比較地,相當地 steady: 穩定的,穩固的,堅定的 over a period of time: 在一定時期內 )
育路職業