2010年成人高考高起點英語復習資料--名詞
來源:網絡 發布時間:2010-09-06
考點3.集合名詞的數
一般地說,集合名詞只以單數形式出現。常見的有:family,police,cattle,team,people,government, class,group,audience(觀眾),public(公眾),crew(全體船員)等。當這些名詞作主語時,若表示一個整體時,謂語動詞用單數形式;若表示集體的每一個成員時,謂語動詞用復數形式。
His family is a big family./ The whole family are watching TV now.
The government welcomes the proposal.(政府歡迎該建議。)
The government are discussing the proposal.(政府官員正在討論該建議。)
注意:
(1)police和cattle后面的謂語動詞總是用復數形式
Many cattle are kept on the farm.
Several hundred police are on duty.
考點4.of+抽象數=相應的形容詞
of+geat+抽象名詞=very+相應的形容詞
of+no+抽象名詞=not+相應的形容詞(or -less, un-)
這樣的抽象名詞主要有:importance,value,use,help
The dictionary is of great use/help.=The dictionary is very useful/helpful.
The meeting is of great importance.=The meeting is very important.
Ginseng is of great medicine value. (西洋參具有很高的藥用價值。)
Your advice is of great value to us=Your advice is very valuable to us
His suggestion is of no use=His suggestion is not useful
That program is of great interest to the children
=That program is very interesting to the children
但是,of+color/age/height/width常用來表示具有同樣的顏色、年齡、高度、寬度等等。
These two jackets are of the same color.(這兩件夾克衫顏色一樣。)
We're of the same age.(我們年齡一樣大。)
考點5.to+抽象名詞常表示喜、怒、哀、樂
to one's surprise(令人驚訝地);to one's joy/delight(令人高興地);
to one'sdisappointment(令人失望地);to one's shame(令人羞愧地)
考點6.名詞作定語
名詞作定語一般用單數
eg. mountain areas山區 apple pies蘋果派
color TV's彩色電視機 machine guns機關機
the school bus學校的班車
a shoe shop/ a stone bridge/ a mountain village/
the ticket office/ war stories/ book leaves/ vegetable garden
[例外]savings account儲蓄存款帳戶 women's college女子學院
girls's high school女子中學
man,woman作定語與后面的名詞的數一致
eg,a man doctor——two men doctors
sports運動,作定語一般用復數 eg. A sports car/ sports shoes/ a sports meet/ the sports field
sport(單數)表示具體的運動項目 eg.Which sport were you in yesterday?
「例句」I walked too much yesterday and ________are still aching now. (CET-4 1995,6)
A) my leg's muscles B) my muscles of leg
C) my leg muscles D) my muscle's of the leg
本題為名詞作定語,不用所有格形式,故正確答案為C.
類似的用法還有:a woman doctor,a straw hat,a paper cover.
「例句」Now people use the word MS instead of Miss or Mrs before the name of______ in business 'letters.
A)woman manager B)women manager
C)woman managers D)women managers
考點7.復合形容詞中的名詞必須用單數
eg. two-minute ride seven five-yuan notes
a nine-foot-tall tree a three-year old三歲的小孩
a seven-day holiday七天的假期
a 200-meter-high building二百米高的大廈
注意名詞所有格和復合形容詞的用法
eg.二十分鐘的路程 twenty minutes' walk
a twenty-minute walk
「例句」Despite the wonderful acting and well developed plot the movie could not hold our________ attention. (CET-1996,1)
A) three-hours B) three-hour C) three-hours' D) three-hour's
three-hour為復合形容詞,作定語不能加's.另外,復合形容詞作定語,其中名詞保持單數,故A、C、D都不對。正確答案為B.三個小時的電影也可以表達為:three hours' movie .
考點8.表示時間的名詞前有one,some,this,that,last,next,every,all等修飾時,前面不再用介詞:
eg. 1. One day I happened to meet her on my way back from school.
2.He kept washing all day.
3.Next morning I will leave for the USA to study English.
考點9.最高級形容詞前如有名詞,要用所有格形式,如有數詞,要用序數詞形式,如:
the world's highest mountain世界最高的山
the country's largest library國家最大的圖書館
the second longest river in China中國第二長河
考點10. 表示數量的hundred,thousand,million,dozen,(打),score(二十)的用法
(1)表示確定數目時,不加s:five hundred(thousand,million)students;six dozen pens
(2)表示不確定數目時,加s并且與of連用:hundreds of students;dozens(scores)of people
(3)many, several等修飾dozen,score時,不用復數,也不用of:many/several dozen pencils,但是當名詞前有限定詞或事物本身為人稱代詞,必須加 of:
a dozen of these people/eggs; two score of such books;
two dozen of them two dozen eggs兩打雞蛋
four score and seven years ago八十七年前
dozens of students幾十名學生 hundred of horses上千匹馬
millions of people上千萬人
He has flow two hundred miles to get here
他坐飛機飛了兩百英里趕到這里。
Millions of people come to visit this city every year
每年有幾百萬人來這個城市參加。
業內名師團隊,班主任一對一服務,全面覆蓋考點,一次考試,保上名校。 !
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