劍橋商務(wù)英語高級第三輯真題閱讀精講14

　　Who Benefits Most from Company Training?

　　According to recent research, the better educated and the higher up the socio¬economic scale you are, the more likely you are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, the more likely you are to then turn (19) the offer, pleading family and personal commitments or (20) of work. Less qualified staff, on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, but are more eager to (21) them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are three times more likely to accept training when it is offered.

　　In the majority of companies, more (22) are allocated to management training than to other areas. Employers (23) their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they pay them accordingly and invest more in them in (24) of training. This is (25) by the fact that organisations are dependent on properly (26) managers making the right decisions. But this (27) may mean that companies are (28) other parts of the workforce down.

　　The researchers found a growing demand for training among the lower-skilled.Unfortunately this demand is not being (29) by employers, even though there are strong indications that companies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30) between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was still widespread endorsement of training.

　　For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31) of planned instruction or tuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. It therefore included a wide variety of approaches. On-the-job and classroom training (32)to be used equally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing a certain procedure and then practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employee. While many felt that learning from colleagues was best,very few (33) the internet as an effective way to train.

　　19.A back B over C down D off

　　20.A force B pressure C strain D load

　　21.A pick B keep C take D put

　　22.A means B reserves C finances D resources

　　23.A imagine B regard C suppose D know

　　24.A requirements B specifications C states D terms

　　25.A allowed B approved C justified D accepted

　　26.A understanding B intelligent C informed D knowledgeable

　　27.A stress B emphasis C weight D strength

　　28.A letting B cutting C breaking D setting

　　29.A reached B achieved C gained D met

　　30.A space B gap C hole D room

　　31.A frame B structure C form D order

　　32.A showed B appeared C demonstrated D presented

　　33.A rated B thought C marked D believed

　　誰從公司培訓(xùn)中獲益最多?

　　第一段的三個空需要在理解整體的基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)系起來進(jìn)行選擇。根據(jù)調(diào)查，受教育程度越高，越有可能接受公司的培訓(xùn)。And, incidentally，這里最好能理解下incidentally的意思：used to introduce a new topic, or some extra information, or a question that you have just thought of (引出新話題、附加信息、或臨時(shí)想到的問題)順便提一句。你越接受培訓(xùn)，越有可能拒絕這份工作，苦苦哀求的家人、個人承諾以及工作壓力。相反倒是接受培訓(xùn)較少的員工，可能會接受他們(指前面被拒絕的這些東西)。19題選turn down拒絕，21題與turn down對應(yīng)，選take up接收。

　　22題，更多資源被分配給了管理層培訓(xùn)而不是其他地方。training也是一種資源。

　　23題，regard….as固定搭配。雇主認(rèn)為他們具有更好知識的員工更為重要。

　　24題，in terms of固定短語，就….而論，在…..方面。

　　25題，根據(jù)上下文意思來選擇。前面說花在管理層的培訓(xùn)更多，這一句實(shí)際上是介紹原因：組織有賴于消息靈通的經(jīng)理們做出正確的決定。25題，justify證明….正確。組織依賴于經(jīng)理們所作的正確決定的事實(shí)證明了把更多的培訓(xùn)花在他們身上是正確的。

　　26，informed，見多識廣的，消息靈通的。商務(wù)英語中常見的一個常見說法是keep informed(It is a good way to keep staff informed)，所以看到這個詞應(yīng)該就很敏感。

　　27題，emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào)(Emphasis is special or extra importance that is given to an activity or to a part or aspect of something.)，指培訓(xùn)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在經(jīng)理們的身上。

　　28題，let down使失望，這種側(cè)重讓其他員工失望。

　　29題，meet the demand滿足需要。雖然對低技術(shù)職員的培訓(xùn)需求在增長，但經(jīng)理們并沒有滿足這樣的需要。

　　30題，兩者之間的巨大缺口，gap。

　　31題，any form of 任何形式的計(jì)劃好的說明。

　　32題，后面的一句有個BUT，也就是轉(zhuǎn)折，所以前面用appeared to be，看起來像是。

　　33題，rate as固定用法。