2013年GCT英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)之疑問(wèn)句

2013年GCT英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)之疑問(wèn)句

　　疑問(wèn)句

　　疑問(wèn)句的主要交際功能是提出問(wèn)題，詢問(wèn)情況。分為一般疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句和反意疑問(wèn)句。

　　一般疑問(wèn)句：

　　Do you speak English? 你講英語(yǔ)嗎?

　　選擇疑問(wèn)句：

　　Do you like to play football or basketball? 你喜歡踢足球還是打籃球?

　　特殊疑問(wèn)句：

　　Which book is yours? 哪一本書(shū)是你的?

　　反意疑問(wèn)句：

　　It´s cold today, isn´t it?

　　疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)

　　一、一般疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)方法是：將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛蒳f或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句跟在引述動(dòng)詞之后。如：“Are you ill?” he asked. 他問(wèn)。如：“你病了嗎?”你病了嗎?→He asked if [whether] I was ill. 他問(wèn)我是否病了。

　　注意：

　　改為賓語(yǔ)從句的間接引語(yǔ)要用陳述句詞序。(2)若直接引語(yǔ)引述動(dòng)詞為say，改成間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)將其改為ask等。

　　二、特殊疑問(wèn)句由直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)方法是：將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)橛?ldquo;疑問(wèn)詞”引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句跟在引述動(dòng)詞之后。如：“He asked, ”When did she leave?“ 他問(wèn)。如：”她什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的?“→He asked when she had left. 他問(wèn)她什么時(shí)候離開(kāi)的。注意：(1)改為賓語(yǔ)從句的間接引語(yǔ)要用陳述句詞序。

　　若直接引語(yǔ)引述動(dòng)詞為say，改成間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)將其改為ask等。

　　談?wù)劮匆庖蓡?wèn)句

　　一、反意疑問(wèn)句(Disjunctive Questions)的定義：

　　反意疑問(wèn)句又叫附加疑問(wèn)句(tag question)在陳述句之后，附加上一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短句，對(duì)陳述句所敘述的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑問(wèn)，這種疑問(wèn)句叫反意疑問(wèn)句。換句話說(shuō)，反意疑問(wèn)句由兩部分組成，前一部分是對(duì)是對(duì)事物的陳述，后一部分是針對(duì)所提出是事提出疑問(wèn)。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式;如果前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。反意疑問(wèn)句陳述部分用降調(diào)，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分可以用升調(diào)，也可以用降調(diào)，這得由提問(wèn)者決定。提問(wèn)者對(duì)陳述部分把握較大時(shí)，問(wèn)句用降調(diào);把握不大時(shí)用升調(diào)。

　　二、反意疑問(wèn)句前后兩部分所遵循的規(guī)則：

　　1. 前后語(yǔ)氣相反

　　A.前一部分用肯定式，后一部分就用否定式。

　　(1)You are a student, aren´t you ?

　　(2)She reads Chinese every day, doesn´t she?

　　(3)John went to school, didn´t he?

　　(4)She has done his homework, hasn´t he?

　　(5)They can speak English, can´t they?

　　(6)You will come in, won´t you?

　　B.前一部分用否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。

　　(1)He isn´t a singer, is he?

　　(2)They don´t play the guitar, do they?

　　(3)You couldn´t write it, could you?

　　(4)We didn´t see Tom, did we?

　　(5)She hasn´t seen Lily, has she?

　　(6)He can´t ride the bike, can he?

　　2.前后人稱一致

　　(1)We are teachers, aren´t we?

　　(2)She comes from Japan, doesn´t she?

　　(3)He read maths every day last year, didn´t he?

　　(4)They have done their work, haven´t they?

　　(5)It will be fine, won´t it?

　　3.前后時(shí)態(tài)一致

　　(1)You are a teacher, aren´t you?

　　(2)He comes from Japan, doesn´t he?

　　(3)She studied Chinese last year, didn´t she?

　　(4)They have learned English, haven´t they?

　　(5)It will rain, won´t it?

　　4.簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句部分要用縮寫形式

　　(1)You are a student, aren´t you ?

　　(2)She reads Chinese every day, doesn´t she?

　　(3)John went to scholl, didn´t he?

　　(4)She has done his homework, hasn´t he?

　　(5)They can speak English, can´t they?

　　(6)You will come in, won´t you?