1.首先要分辨動詞的謂語形式與非謂語形式。如果題句中有兩個動詞形式劃有橫線,考生要分析句子的結構和語義,判斷出哪個是謂語,哪個是非謂語,因為一個簡單句或分句中不可能出現兩個彼此間無連詞連接的謂語。
2.在判定某個動詞形式應為非謂語后,要辨別其應當是不定式,還是-ing形式或-ed分詞。
3.在確定某一非謂語形式后,還要審查其時態語態是否有誤;一般說來,已經發生了的動作用完成式,與邏輯主語的關系是受動,用被動態或過去分詞。
4.注意非謂語動詞的否定式是將否定詞置于非謂語動詞之前;據此判斷否定詞的位置是否有誤。
5.觀察分析句中的時間狀語是修飾謂語動詞,還是修飾非謂語動詞,如果是后者,辨其時態是否有誤。
6.不定式和分詞的邏輯主語一般是句子的主語,否則不定式的邏輯主語應視情況用for, of引導,分詞應有自己的邏輯主語,據此判斷是否存在垂懸分詞的錯誤。
。鄹腻e要領]
1.注意動詞的不同接續要求。下列動詞要求接不定式作賓語:
afford, agree, attempt, decide, fail, manage, expect, intend, hope, mean, plan, promise, refuse, tend, pretend, ask, claim, offer, determine, arrange.
2.熟記下列動詞要求接動名詞作賓語:
acknowledge, admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, hate, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, favour, finish, include, resent, keep, mind, miss, postpone, practise, resist, stand, risk.
3.掌握某些動詞不同接續要求的不同含義:
forget to do sth.忘記了去做某事
forget doing sth.忘記已做了某事
remember to do sth.記住要去做某事
remember doing sth.記住了已做某事
stop to do sth.停下去做某事
stop doing sth.停下在做的某事
regret to tell(say, announce)sb.遺憾地告訴某人…
regret doing sth.對已做了的事表示后悔、遺憾
try to do sth.試圖去做某事
try doing sth.試著做了某事
mean to do sth.打算做某事
mean doing意味著…
4.注意下列短語中的to是介詞,后面應接動名詞:
object to, resort to, react to, contribute to, look forward to, be accustomed to, be used to, be committed to, be exposed to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, be opposed to, be contrary to, with regard to, with a view to, as to, in contrast to
5.注意下列后接動名詞的習慣用法:
、買t's no use doing…但是:Its of no use to do…
good
picnic
fun
、贗t is useless doing…
senseless
nuisance
worthwhile
、跿here is no use(in)doing…
point
sense
harm
、躧ave difficulty doing…
trouble
problem
、輍ave a good time doing…
hard
difficult
、辳pend(time)
wastedoing…
⑦be worth doing…
busy
、鄁eel like doing…
、醕an't help doing…
6.下列習慣用語中都帶有but,后面都接不帶to的不定式:
can not help but do…
can not but do…
can do nothing but do…
can not choose but do…
can not do anything but do…
但是:have nochoice but to do…
alternative
7.下列動詞、介詞后接動名詞具有主動形式、被動含義,注意不要再用動名詞被動態:
sth. be worth doing比較:It's worthwhile doing sth.
past
beyond
sth. need doing
want
require
demand
bear
deserve
結束
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