高一英語：知識點總結Unit15-16(14)
【考例2】The number of people invited
____ fifty，but a number of them ____ absent
fnr different reasons.
A. were; was B. was; was
C. was; were D. were; were
[考查目標] 主謂一致。
[答案與解析] C 根據以上的解釋，應該選was;were。
【考點3】Having realized that I could use a kite to attract
Iightning, I decided to do an experiment. 意識到可以用
風箏引來閃電之后，我便決定做個實驗。
該句中的having realized是v-ing形式的完成式在句中
作狀語。
v-ing形式在句中的主要作用是作狀語，having done表
示非謂語動詞的動作先于渭語動詞的動作，而且要注
意非謂語與句子主語之間存在著主動關系時，用hav—
ing done;非謂語與句子主語之間存在著被動關系時，
用having been done;其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。
例如：
Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play
football for a while. 做完了作業.他決定去踢一會兒
球。
Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldn't go
home. 還沒有打掃完教室，他們還不能回家。
Having been praised in class, the girl felt very happy.
那個姑娘在班上得到表揚，感到很高興。
【考例3】 ____ from heart trouble
for years, Professor White has to take some medicine
with him wherever he goes.
A. Suffered B. Suffering
C. Having suffered D. Being suffered
[考查目標]非謂語動詞v-ing。
[答案與解析]C v-ing形式的邏輯主語是Professor
White，Professor White和suffer之間存在著主動關
系，而且根據，for years，表示suffer 的動作持續換了
多少年，所以用v-ing完成式表示原因。
[牛刀小試3]
1. He ____ to the railway station, only to find the
train had been away for 5 hours.
A. did go B. had gone
C. had to go D. has gone
2. ____ careful while crossing the street.
A. Your being B. To be
C. Do be D. Being
3. ____ of deaths from heart disease will be reduced
greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and
vegetables.
A. The number 15. A number
C. A lot of D. Many
4. ____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom sudden-
ly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
(責任編輯：康彥林)
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