何凱文每日一句：2018考研英語(yǔ)第112句

　　每一場(chǎng)考研路都有成敗，希望考生們能不忘初心，堅(jiān)持當(dāng)初決定考研的信仰。何凱文每日一句會(huì)全程陪伴考生，走完2018考研路。對(duì)于考研英語(yǔ)的復(fù)習(xí)，必然是長(zhǎng)期積累夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)的過(guò)程，針對(duì)考研英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)，小編也會(huì)及時(shí)整理推送相關(guān)內(nèi)容。以下是第112句：

　　今天的句子：

　　They found activating these neurons immediately caused binge eating, making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes, and increasing their preference for high-fat foods. Weak stimulation, delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals, worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods, causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　句子的解析：

　　詞匯突破：

　　1.Activate 激活

　　2.Neuron 神經(jīng)元

　　3.Immediately 立即

　　4.Binge eating 暴食

　　5.Preference 偏好

　　6.Stimulation 刺激

　　7.Worsen 惡化

　　8.Overeating 過(guò)量飲食

　　第一句：

　　They found activating these neurons immediately caused binge eating, making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes, and increasing their preference for high-fat foods.

　　確定主干：

　　They found (that)

　　他們發(fā)現(xiàn)

　　切分成分+獨(dú)立成句：

　　1.(Activating these neurons動(dòng)名詞做從句主語(yǔ)) immediately caused binge eating

　　激活這些神經(jīng)元會(huì)立即導(dǎo)致暴食行為

　　2. making the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes

　　=Activating these neurons makes the mice eat more than one third of their daily food rations in just 10 minutes

　　(令老鼠在短短10分鐘內(nèi)吃掉超過(guò)日常食物配給的三分之一)

　　3. increasing their preference for high-fat foods.

　　= Activating these neurons increases their preference for high-fat foods.

　　(并提升了它們對(duì)高脂食物的偏好)

　　參考譯文：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)激活這些神經(jīng)元會(huì)立即導(dǎo)致暴食行為，令老鼠在短短10分鐘內(nèi)吃掉超過(guò)日食物配給的三分之一，并提升了它們對(duì)高脂食物的偏好。

　　第二句：

　　Weak stimulation, delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals, worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods, causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　確定主干：

　　Weak stimulation worsened overeating and the desire for fatty foods

　　切分成分+獨(dú)立成句:

　　1.causing the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight.

　　=Weak stimulation causes the mice to consume nearly three quarters of their daily food intake, and to gain weight

　　2. delivered for 10 minutes and repeated four times at 30-minute intervals定語(yǔ)

　　每隔30分鐘釋放長(zhǎng)達(dá)10分鐘的并重復(fù)四次的

　　參考譯文：而每隔30分鐘釋放長(zhǎng)達(dá)10分鐘的弱刺激并重復(fù)4次會(huì)令過(guò)量飲食和對(duì)對(duì)高脂食物的欲望更糟，讓老鼠吃掉幾乎日常食物配給的四分之三，并增加體重。

　　背景介紹：

　　深部腦刺激治療通過(guò)在病人的大腦的特定區(qū)域放置電極(electrodes)，并傳輸高頻電脈沖來(lái)干預(yù)目標(biāo)腦組織的神經(jīng)元活動(dòng)。迄今為止，全球有約10萬(wàn)名帕金森病人接受過(guò)這種治療，他們諸如震顫和僵硬等癥狀因之得到有效控制。耶魯醫(yī)學(xué)院的神經(jīng)外科醫(yī)生們受到啟發(fā)，嘗試通過(guò)刺激實(shí)驗(yàn)小白鼠的不同大腦區(qū)域，以求確定與過(guò)度飲食相關(guān)的神經(jīng)元通路。他們?cè)谇鹉X底核(subthalamic nucleus)的未定帶(zona incerta)細(xì)胞組織中注入經(jīng)過(guò)遺傳處理的病毒(genetically engineered virus)，該病毒會(huì)將一個(gè)基因傳輸(carried a gene into)給這些細(xì)胞，令細(xì)胞表達(dá)一系列光敏通道蛋白(channelrhodopsin)。這些細(xì)胞會(huì)因此對(duì)光照敏感(sensitive to light)，使研究者得以利用光導(dǎo)纖維傳送激光脈沖，達(dá)到高精度激活(activate with great precision)的效果。

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