| It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history. The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling. Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, he says. 51. From the second paragraph we learn that ________. （A）the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries （B）physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia （C）changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law （D）it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage 52. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means ________. （A）observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia （B）similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries （C）observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes （D）the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop 53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________. （A）face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia （B）experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient （C）have an intense fear of terrible suffering （D）undergo a cooling off period of seven days 54. The author's attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________. （A）opposition （B）suspicion （C）approval （D）indifference 答案及試題解析 51.（D）意為：理解該法獲批準的意義尚需要時間。 第二段第一句是該段的主題句，該句意為：其（即這一立法的）整體含義（import）可能需要一段時間才為人徹底理解（sink in）。其實，該段的第二句是對第一句更具體的闡釋，該句可譯為：北部地方州（此處NT是Northern Territory的縮略形式，指澳大利亞中北部地區）晚期病人權利法的批準使醫生和普通人都在思索其道義與實踐方面的含義。本段下文提到了支持和反對該法的兩種觀點。 A意為：在（除澳大利亞以外的）其他國家，對安樂死的反對意見緩慢而至。這一點該段沒有提到。實際上，聽到該法批準后，遠在美國和加拿大的人也很快作出了反應。 B意為：在安樂死這一問題上，醫生和普通人觀點相同。正像該段第三句所指出的，對于該法的批準，意見分歧很大。有些人松了口氣，而有些人-包括教堂、保衛生命權益組織與澳大利亞醫學會-對該法進行激烈的抨擊，認為它的批準過于倉促。 C意為：技術（條件）的變化應對該法的倉促批準負主要責任。該段第五句意為：在澳大利亞，其他州也將考慮通過制定同樣的一項法律來解決安樂死問題，而促成這一形勢的是澳大利亞老化的人口、生命延續技術、正在變化的社會態度等因素。可見，這與C所表達的內容不一樣。 52.（B）意為：美國、加拿大及其他國家也可能批準類似法律。 第二段最后一句指出，在美國和加拿大死之權利運動正在集結力量，觀望者正在等待多米諾骨牌開始傾倒。多米諾骨牌是一種西洋骨牌游戲；游戲中將許多長方形的骨牌豎立排列成行，碰倒第一張時，其余骨牌將依次紛紛倒下。用于比喻時，這種游戲指一系列的連鎖反應，即：牽一發而動全身。這里喻指：澳大利亞的形勢會波及北美等國家，引起類似的做法。 A意為：觀察者對安樂死的未來持觀望態度。根據對B的分析，觀察者等待的是是否美、加等國會在對安樂死的態度方面步澳之后塵，通過類似立法，而并非是指他們對安樂死態度暖昧、莫衷一是。 C意為：觀察者正等待看多米諾游戲的結果。這種解釋未免太拘泥于字面的意思。 D意為：所批準的法案的影響也許會最終停止。與原文不符。 53.（A）意為：死時表現出安樂死的平靜特征。 這實際上是說他將采用安樂死的方式離開人世。第三段提到，住在達爾文市（位于北部地方州）的尼克森患肺癌，對他來說，允許安樂死的法案的批準意味著他可以心情平靜地生活，而無需懼怕將要遭受的死亡的折磨：由死時所產生的呼吸困難所帶來的痛苦折磨。他說：從思想認識上講，我并不怕死，但是，我怕的是如何死去，因為我曾親眼目睹過醫院的病人死時由缺氧而掙扎并抓撓氧氣罩的情景。從以上的分析可以看出，尼克森先生知道自己已患絕癥并依法為自己選擇安樂死的方式告別人世。 B意為：經歷肺癌病人所要遭受的痛苦。不對，相反，尼克森將會平靜死去。 C意為：對痛苦的折磨極度恐懼。 D意為：將經歷7天的平靜階段。第三段指出，根據北部地區新通過的法律，要求安樂死的病人必須具備以下條件：1）該病人必須由兩名醫生診斷為晚期病人；2）平靜考慮7天后，病人簽署一個申請證書；3）48小時后再給病人實行安樂死。可見，這里所說的平靜7天是讓病人（及其家庭）平靜、認真地考慮一下是否選擇采用安樂死這一形式。 54.（C）意為；贊同。 這是一篇新聞體文章，在新聞體文章中，寫作者往往通過引用相關者的觀點來結束討論，并將自己的態度通過引用間接地表述出來。本文以尼克森的話結束了對安樂死的討論，而尼克森是安樂死的支持者。另外，文章的大部分文字陳述了對安樂死法案的褒揚態度，而反對態度卻一帶而過。從這兩方面來看，作者對安樂死持贊同態度。 A意為：反對。 B意為：懷疑。 D意為：不關心。 翻譯句子 1、Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill land the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. [參考譯文] 一些機構終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機構，包括教堂，倡導生命之權的團體和澳大利亞醫學協會，尖銳地抨擊這個法案，指責法案的通過過于匆忙。但是大勢已定，不可逆轉。 [結構剖析] 第一句話中，有用逗號松散連接的兩個表示對比的句子：Some have breathed…others…bitterly attacked…，其中 others 之后是介詞詞組：including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association 對 others 進行進一步的解釋。its passage 中的 its 指代前面提到的 the bill。第二句使用了被動語態，與第一句是轉折關系。 [閱讀重點] tide 本意是潮水、潮汐的意思，這里的引申含義是趨勢、趨向；turn the tide 使形式轉變、改變局面。bill 這里是法案的意思。另外要理解 some 和 others 的對比關系。 2、In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. [參考譯文] 在澳大利亞-人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術和變化著的社會態度，這些因素都在發揮作用-其他的州也會考慮制定相似的關于安樂死的法律。 [結構剖析] 這個句子的主體結構是… other states are going to consider…。句首的 In Australia 是介詞詞組表示地點狀語，后面 where 引導定語從句 where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part，進一步解釋 Australia 的具體情況。 [閱讀重點] 注意破折號中說各種因素都發揮了作用，是指對其它州考慮制定關于安樂死的法律這件事而言的。另外注意 consider 的用法，consider 后面一般接 V-ing 的形式或 that 引導的賓語從句。 補充難句翻譯 1、After six months of arguing and final 16hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. [參考譯文] 經過了六個月的爭論以及最后16個小時激烈的議會辯論，澳大利亞北部地區成了世界上第一個允許醫生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命的立法當局。 [參考譯文] 在七天的冷靜期之后，病人可以簽署一張申請證書。再等48小時之后，他要求死去的愿望就可以實現了。 [大綱詞匯] vote n.投票，表；選票，選票數；v.投票，表決 [經典例句] They finally took a vote on the mater. [大綱詞匯] legal a.法律的，法定的；合法的，正當的 a legal act 合法行為 [大綱詞匯] cure v.（of）治愈，醫治；矯正，糾正； n.治愈，痊愈；良藥，療法 [衍生詞匯] curable a.可醫治的 incurable a.無法治愈的，不可糾正的 incurably ad.無法治愈地，不可救藥地 [經典例句] He was incurably stubborn on this matter. [大綱詞匯] convince v.（of）使信服，使確信 [衍生詞匯] convincing a.令人信服的，有說服力的 [經典例句] His explanation is very convincing. [大綱詞匯] flash v.發閃光，閃亮；閃現；n.閃光 [經典例句] The news flashed on the television. [大綱詞匯] pick up 拾起，揀起；增加，改進；（偶然）得到；（車船）中途搭（人），中途帶（貨）；獲得，學會 [經典例句] Their message was picked up by the enemy and decoded. [大綱詞匯] executive a.執行的，實施的；n.總經理，董事，行政負責人 [大綱詞匯] send n.送，寄；派遣，打發 [經典例句] She asked me to send the message on to other friends. [經典例句] He works on the question all day long to find the right answer. [大綱詞匯] import v.進口，輸人； n.進口，輸人；pl.進口商品，進口物資，主旨，含義 [經典例句] Hardly anyone caught the full import of the incident. [大綱詞匯] while n.一段時間，一會兒 [經典例句] It takes a while for him to calm down. [大綱詞匯] sink v.（使）下沉，下落； n.水池，水槽 [擴充詞匯] sink in 被理解 [經典例句] Eventually the news sank in. [經典例句] physician n.內科醫生 [大綱詞匯] implication n.含義，暗示 imply v.意指；含…意思，暗示 [擴充詞義] implication n.牽連；涉及；密切關系 [經典例句] The news regulation has grave implication for unemployment. [大綱詞匯] haste n.匆忙，急速；草率；v.趕快，匆忙 in haste 匆忙地，草率地 [衍生詞匯] hasty a.匆忙的 [經典例句] Many people were surprised at the haste of his marriage. [大綱詞匯] passage n.通過，經過；通路；走廊；（一）段落，（一）節 [經典例句] The opposition party tried to secure the passage of the law. [擴充詞匯] turn back 折回，返回；改變做法 [經典例句] There is no turning back once you have signed the contract. [大綱詞匯] play a part（in）起作用 [經典例句] Ambition played its part in his success. [大綱詞匯] inject v.注射，注人 [衍生詞匯] injection n.注射 [經典例句] The doctor prescribed an injection of penicillin for his fever. [擴充詞匯] put an end to 使終止，毀掉 [經典例句] The accident put an end to her happy life. [大綱詞匯] diagnose v.診斷 [經典例句] He was diagnosed lung cancer a few days age. [大綱詞匯] terminal a.終點站；終端，接線端；計算機終端 [衍生詞匯] terminally ad.致命地，晚期地；終點地 [經典例句] He was terminally ill. [大綱詞匯] cool a.涼的，涼爽的；冷靜的，沉著的，冷淡的；v.（使）冷卻，（使）冷靜 [擴充詞匯] cool off 使冷靜下來 [經典例句] You should give him sometime to cool off his anger. [大綱詞匯] certificate n.證（明）書 [擴充詞匯] get on with 繼續 [經典例句] We get on with the meeting after his disruption. [擴充詞匯] haunt v.常去；使苦惱，困擾；布滿 haunting a.縈繞于心的，使人不安的 [經典例句] Man's future is a haunting question to him. [大綱詞匯] terrify v.使害怕，使驚嚇 [衍生詞匯] terrifying a.令人害怕的 [經典例句] The terrifying scene shocked everyone. [大綱詞匯] viewpoint n.觀點 [大綱詞匯] fight v./n.打（仗）；搏斗，斗爭，戰斗 [經典例句] He died in fighting for freedom. [大綱詞匯] claw n.爪，腳爪 [擴充詞義] claw v.抓，撓 [經典例句] The emotional stress of those years still claws at her. [大綱詞匯] object v.（to）反對 objection n.（to）反對，異議 [經典例句] I have no objection to your proposal. |
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