2012年貨運代理考試英語第八章輔導講義
來源:考試大發布時間:2012-08-01
一、 General concept of Marine Bills of Lading 海運提單的一般概念 (考試重點)
1-1 課文:Marine Bills of lading are used primarily in international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea.注釋:marine bills of lading: 海運提單 primarily: 首先,起初,主要地 international sales of goods: 國際貨物的銷售 carriage: 運輸課文意思:海運提單主要用于國際貨物銷售的海上運輸中。
1-2 課文:Definitions of the Bill of Lading vary from country to country. Broadly, the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped on board a ship, signed by the person (or his agent) contracts to carry them, and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship.(海運提單的定義,掌握)
注釋:definition: 定義 vary from: 不同 broadly: 寬廣地,廣泛, 總體而言 on board: 在船上 stating: 陳述,申明課文意思:每個國家對于提單的定義各有不同。總體而言,提單是貨物裝船的收據;它由達成貨物運輸協議的承運人簽字,上有貨物送到船上及被船方接收的條款。
1-3 課文:It is not the actual contract, but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract.注釋:actual: 實際的,真實的 excellent: 極好的,卓越的 evidence: 證據,憑證課文意思:提單不是實際的合同,但卻構成據以履行合同條款極好的保證。
我國《海商法》對提單的定義:提單,是指用以證明海上貨物運輸合同和貨物已經由承運人接收或者裝船,以及承運人保證據以交付貨物的單證。提單中載明的向記名人交付貨物,或者按照指示人的指示交付貨物,或者向提單持有人交付貨物的條款,構成承運人據以交付貨物的保證。
二、Functions of the Marine Bills of Lading
海運提單的作用海洋提單的三個作用(考試重點)
1.Receipt for the goods shipped 貨物裝船的收據課文:A bill of lading is a receipt issued by a carrier that an identifiable consignment of goods has been received by him for shipment, or actually loaded on board his ship.注釋:receipt: 收據 issue: 簽發 carrier: 承運人 identifiable: 可以確認的 consignment: (貨物的)交托,交貨,發貨,運送課文意思: 提單是由承運人簽發的有關承運人已接管提單所明確記載的貨物或將貨物裝船的證明。
課文:The bill of lading as a receipt will show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded, ship‘s name, port of loading, the destination, details of date and so on.注釋:condition: 條件,環境 ,情形 destination: 目的地 details: 詳細資料 and so on: 等等課文意思:提單作為收據將會列明所裝載貨物的數量和情況,船舶的名稱,裝運港,目的地,以及詳細的日期等等。
2.Document of title to the goods. 貨物的物權憑證課文:A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods. The possession of a bill of lading is equivalent in law to possession of the goods.注釋:document of title: 物權憑證 possession:所有,所有權,持有,占有 equivalent: 相等的,相當的,同意義的課文意思:提單是貨物的物權憑證。持有提單在法律上等同于持有貨物。
課文:The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lading.注釋:holder: 持有者,所有者 be able to: 能夠 obtain: 獲得,得到 port of destination:目的港 transit: 運輸,運送 merely: 僅僅,只不過 endorse: 背書,在(票據)背面簽名,認可課文意思:提單的持有者可以在目的港提取貨物并且在貨物的運輸期間可以僅僅通過背書提單將貨物賣掉。
3.Evidence of contract 合同的證明課文:Additionally, the terms of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper. The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract.注釋:additionally: 另外,加之,又 term: 條款 provide: 提供,規定 evidence: 證據,證明課文意思:另外,提單的條款也為承運人與托運人之間運輸合同提供了證明。提單的條款包含了合同中的條款。