whenever, wherever , however等,其中可引導(dǎo)"/>
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一、基本用法概說(shuō)英語(yǔ)中的-ever 詞主要包括 whatever , whoever, whichever,
whenever, wherever , however等,其中可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的主要有 whatever
,whoever, whichever等,其中可引導(dǎo)Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times
New Roman'">. 這里所說(shuō)的名詞性從句主要指主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句,它們通常不
用于引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,同時(shí)也很少用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。如:Whatever he said was
right.無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么都是對(duì)的。(引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句)I don ‘t believe whatever
he said.無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么我都不信。(引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句)在某些特定的語(yǔ)境中,也可
用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。如:What he wants to get is whatever you have.他想得
到的是你所擁有的一切。
二、whatever引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句whatever的意思是“whatever所……的一切
事或東西”,可視為what的強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)法,其含義大致相當(dāng)于anything that ,whatever
在從句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)。如:Do whatever she tells you and you
‘ll have peace.她叫你干什么你就干什么,那你就太平了。I don ’t believe
in letting children do whatever they like.我不贊成讓孩子為所欲為。
Goats eat whatever food they can find.山羊找到什么食物就吃什么食物。
三、whoever 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句whoever 的意思“任何……的人”,在意義
上大致相當(dāng)于 anybody who.whoever在從句中可用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。如:I ‘ll take
whoever wants to go.誰(shuí)想去我就帶誰(shuí)去。Whoever says that is a liar.說(shuō)那
話的人是個(gè)騙子。She can marry whoever she chooses.她愿意嫁誰(shuí)就嫁誰(shuí)。I
’ll give the ticket to whoever wants it. 誰(shuí)想要這票,我就把它給誰(shuí)。Tell
whoever you like— it makes no difference to me.你愛(ài)告訴誰(shuí)就告訴誰(shuí)吧,
對(duì)我是無(wú)所謂的。注:whoever 既用作主語(yǔ)也可用作賓語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不宜用whomever,
因?yàn)樵诂F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中whomever已幾乎不用)。另外,注意以下受漢語(yǔ)意思影響而弄
錯(cuò)的句子:誰(shuí)贏了都可以獲獎(jiǎng)。PAN>誤:Who wins can get a prize. 誤:Anyone
wins can get a prize. 正:Whoever wins can get a prize. 正:Anyone who
wins can get a prize.
四、whichever 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句man'"whichever的意思“……的那個(gè)人或
事物”,在意義上大致相當(dāng)于 the person or the thing that.whichever 在從
句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如:You can pick whichever one you like.你
喜歡哪個(gè)就挑哪個(gè)。Whichever of you comes first will receive a prize.你
們誰(shuí)第一誰(shuí)就能得獎(jiǎng)。We'll eat at whichever restaurant has a free table.
哪個(gè)飯館有空桌我們就在哪兒吃吧。
Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking. 我們當(dāng)中無(wú)論哪個(gè)先
到家,哪個(gè)就先開(kāi)始做飯。
五、引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的用法五、引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的用法whatever, whoever, whichever
除用于引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句外,還可用于引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,分別相當(dāng)于 no matter what,
no matter who , no matter which. 如:I ‘ll stand by you whatever [=no
matter what] happens. 無(wú)論如何我都支持你。Whoever [=No matter who] wants
to speak to me on the phone , tell them I’m busy. 不管誰(shuí)要我接電話,
就說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在正忙。Whichever [=No matter which] you buy, there is a six-month
guarantee.不管買哪個(gè)都有六個(gè)月的保修期。
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