2011年國(guó)際商務(wù)師考試重點(diǎn)外語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)60
來(lái)源:育路教育網(wǎng)發(fā)布時(shí)間:2011-02-12 09:29:54
為了方便大家更好的復(fù)習(xí),參加2011年國(guó)際商務(wù)師考試,育路教育網(wǎng)特收集匯總了商務(wù)師考試重點(diǎn)外語(yǔ)的輔導(dǎo)資料,希望對(duì)您有所幫助,順利通過(guò)國(guó)際商務(wù)師考試!
收信人稱呼
先生(男人)Mr./Esq.
夫人(已婚)Mrs.
小姐(未婚)Miss
夫人、小姐統(tǒng)稱Ms.
夫婦倆人Mr.and Mrs.
兩位或兩位以上男子Messrs
兩位或兩位以上女子(已婚)Mesdames
兩位或兩位以上小姐(未婚)Misses
常見(jiàn)的頭銜(漢英對(duì)照)如下:
教授Professor
博士Doctor(Dr.,Ph.D.)
醫(yī)學(xué)博士Medical Doctor(M.D.)
總統(tǒng)或校長(zhǎng)President
主席或董事長(zhǎng)Chairman
副主席或副董事長(zhǎng)Vice Chairman
副總統(tǒng)或副校長(zhǎng)Vice President
首相Prime Minister
總理Premier
省長(zhǎng)或州長(zhǎng)Governor
市長(zhǎng)Mayor
參議員Senator
大使Ambassador
秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)Secretary General
一秘First Secretary
二秘Second Secretary
院長(zhǎng)Director,Dean
副院長(zhǎng)Vice Director
系主任Dean,Head,Chair
館長(zhǎng)Chief Librarian,Curator
閣下Excellency
神甫Father
4.商務(wù)信函信的正文(Body of the Letter)
信的正文每段第一行應(yīng)往右縮進(jìn)約四五個(gè)字母。在寫(xiě)事務(wù)性信件時(shí),正文一般開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單明了,條理清楚。在寫(xiě)私人信件時(shí),信寫(xiě)好之后若有什么遺漏,可用 P. S.表示補(bǔ)敘。
5.商務(wù)信函結(jié)束語(yǔ)(Complimentary Close)
結(jié)束語(yǔ)是寫(xiě)信人表示自己對(duì)收信人的一種謙稱,只占一行,低于正文一二行,從信紙的中間或偏右的地方開(kāi)始寫(xiě)。第一個(gè)詞的開(kāi)頭字母要大寫(xiě),末尾用逗號(hào)。結(jié)束語(yǔ)視寫(xiě)信人與收信人的關(guān)系而定例如寫(xiě)給機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體或不相識(shí)的人的信,一般用:
Yours (very) truly, Yours (very) faithfully,Yours (very) sincerely, 等等。
寫(xiě)給上級(jí)和長(zhǎng)者的信一般可用:
Yours (very) respectfully, Yours (very) obediently, Yours gratefully, Yours appreciatively, Your obedient servant, 等等。
寫(xiě)給同志或同事的信一般可用:
Fraternally yours, Comradely yours,等等。
寫(xiě)給熟人或朋友的信可用:
Yours, Ever yours, Yours affectionately, As ever, Yours sincerely Yours devotedly, (Most) Fondly yours, Yours excitedly, Intimately yours,等等。
寫(xiě)給親屬或摯友的信一般用:
Yours, Ever yours, Yours as ever, As ever, Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, (Much) Love, With Love,Lovingly, Your loving son, Your most affectionate, Your devoted friend, Devotedly, 等等,意即:“您的”、“永遠(yuǎn)是您的”、“您的親愛(ài)的”、“您的愛(ài)子(孩子、姐妹、侄、侄女、祖母)” 、“您的摯友”等。
寫(xiě)給摯友的信有時(shí)也可用:
Yours hurriedly, Yours hastily, Yours in haste, 等等。
寫(xiě)信給摯友,表示歉意時(shí),可用:
Contritely yours, Regretfully yours, Yours in (with) regret, Yours in (with) deep remorse 等。
在歐洲一些國(guó)家里,多把Yours 放在 sincerely等詞的前面。在美國(guó)和加拿大等國(guó),則多用,把 yours 放在 Sincerely 等詞之后。Yours 一詞有時(shí)也可省略。
6.簽名(Signature)
信末的簽名一般低于結(jié)束語(yǔ)一二行,從信紙中間偏右的地方開(kāi)始寫(xiě)。若寫(xiě)信人是女性,與收信人又不相識(shí),則一般在署名前用括號(hào)注上 Miss, Mrs.或 Ms.,以便對(duì)方回信時(shí)知道如何稱呼。有的還有署名后寫(xiě)上自己的職稱、職務(wù)或頭銜
7.附件(Enclosure)
信件若有附件,應(yīng)在左下角注明 Encl. 或 Enc.。若附件不止一個(gè),則應(yīng)寫(xiě)出2(或3,4,5等)Encls.,例如:
Enc: Resume
Encls:Grade Certificate
8.再啟(Postscript, 縮寫(xiě)為 P. S.)
再啟部分用于補(bǔ)敘正文中遺漏的話,一般應(yīng)盡量少用,正式的函件中更應(yīng)避免使用。
9.私人和公務(wù)信函——注意事項(xiàng)
首先,寫(xiě)信者應(yīng)設(shè)身處地想到對(duì)方,尊重對(duì)方的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。
其次,英文信應(yīng)該行文流暢、言簡(jiǎn)意賅,避免冗長(zhǎng)。這就是說(shuō),寫(xiě)信者應(yīng)用盡可能少的文字表達(dá)其必須傳遞的信息,而且寫(xiě)信者應(yīng)將其所需傳遞的信息表達(dá)清楚,以免對(duì)方產(chǎn)生誤解。書(shū)信交往,同樣需要以禮待人。因而在寫(xiě)信過(guò)程中,要避免傷害對(duì)方感情,措辭上多選用些禮貌婉轉(zhuǎn)詞語(yǔ)。
最后,除了避免語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)錯(cuò)誤外,信中所引用的史料、數(shù)據(jù)等也應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。私人和公務(wù)信函——常用句式。常用的起首語(yǔ)有:
1)Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969.
2)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5,1997.
3)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5.1997.
4)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.
5)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.
6)In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say…
7)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.
8)What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!
9)It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.
10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me .
11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that …
12)I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering.
13)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.
14)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.…
15)I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved.
常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有:
1)Awaiting your good news,
2)Looking forward to your early reply,
3)Hoping to hear from you soon,
4)We await your good news.
5)I hope to hear from you very soon.
6)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
7)I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.
8)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.
9)Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.
10)The help you give me is sincerely valued.
11)I hope everything will be well with you .
12)Please let us know if you want more information.
13)I hope you always enjoy yourself.
14)I wish you very success in the coming year.
15)Please remember me to your family.
16)With best regards to your family.
17)All the best.
18)With love and good wishes.